Civil War
16th U.S. President who led the Union during the Civil War and initiated national moves toward abolition.
Abe Lincoln
The largest number of enslaved Africans were transported to this country
Brazil
Period from 1865–1877 focused on rebuilding the South and integrating freed people into civic life.
Reconstruction
Sacred songs of hope, endurance, deliverance, and critique.
Spirituals or Sorrow Songs
The First European Country to enter into African Slave Trading
Portugal
1863 wartime executive order declaring enslaved people in rebelling Confederate states to be free.
Emancipation Proclamation
Kiswahili for “great disaster”; names the transatlantic slave trade and its enduring afterlives
MAAFA
Federal agency established in 1865 to assist freedpeople with education, jobs, housing, and legal matters.
Freedman's Bureau
Knowledge passed by speaking/singing, not books; it changes slightly each time and stays alive.
Oral Culture (Griot)
First African American U.S. Senator (Mississippi, 1870).
Hiram Revels
Confederate general commanding the Army of Northern Virginia; the South’s most famous military leader.
Robert E. Lee
The shared stock of phrases, melodies, stories that performers draw from and add to.
Cultural Reservoir
1868 amendment granting citizenship to all born or naturalized in the U.S. and guaranteeing equal protection for all classes of citizens
14th
Mixing elements (African, European, American) into something new, not just “adding on.”
Creolization
The KKK, a White supremacist group, was founded in (which State) or (when) formed to use terror and violence to suppress Black rights.
1865 in Pulaski, Tennessee;
The army representing the seceded southern states during the Civil War.
Confederate Army
In this year, 20 Africans were recorded as the first sold in the Colonies of America
1619
1870 amendment prohibiting denial of the right to vote on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude
15th
Counterclockwise circle of worship with clapping, singing, and shuffling steps; body + voice make the sacred.
RING SHOUT
First African American, Joseph Rainey, was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in which State.
South Carolina
Union general who led the North to victory; later became the 18th U.S. President.
Ulysses Grant
This was the crop that became the primary engine of the transatlantic slave trade
SUGAR
Laws passed in Southern states after the Civil War to restrict the freedom of African Americans and ensure a cheap labor force.
Black Codes
Adapting to new surroundings while keeping parts of older traditions
Acculturation
This was the first Constitutional Amendment in Reconstruction that Ended Slavery
13th