First Aid
This is the acronym used to remember how to assess a responsive person.
What is SAMPLE? - Signs & Symptoms, Allergies, Medications, Past medical history, Last oral intake, Events leading up to the incident
The correct rate for chest compressions during CPR is this many compressions per minute.
What is 100 to 120?
According to Red Cross standards, the maximum time allowed for a lifeguard to recognize and reach a victim in distress is this.
What is 30 seconds?
This breathing pattern, characterized by gasping, is not effective and should be treated as no breathing.
What is agonal breathing?
When someone is having a seizure, you should do this to protect them.
What is clear the area and place something soft under their head?
The universal sign for choking is this.
What is clutching the throat with both hands?
This is how deep you should compress the chest of an adult during CPR.
What is at least 2 inches?
Those who suffer from drowning often follow a specific behavioral pattern. This is called.
What is the instinctive drowning response?
This is a key symptom of heat exhaustion.
What is heavy sweating?
This number should be called to get professional advice on how to handle a possible poisoning.
1-800-222-122
This is the term for providing care without permission when the person is unconscious or unable to respond.
What is implied consent?
Before using an AED, you should make sure the person is on this type of surface.
What is a dry, flat surface?
You are scanning your zone during a long afternoon shift and realize your attention has started to drift. You’re feeling drowsy and less alert. This is the appropriate response.
What is signal for a rotation, hydrate, and apply strategies to combat vigilance fatigue such as changing posture or scanning patterns?
A visibly pregnant woman begins choking during lunch. She cannot speak, cough, or breathe. This is the modified technique you should use.
What is perform chest thrusts
This is a method of self-care to use right after you experience a minor injury such as a sprain, dislocation or strain.
RICE
For a pediatric patient, you can use adult AED pads if pediatric pads are unavailable, as long as you do this.
What is to place one pad on the chest and one on the back?
This acronym helps lifeguards identify common causes of surveillance failure, including being distracted or engaging in unnecessary conversation.
What is RID?
A 55-year-old man complains of “indigestion” and says he just feels “off.” He is pale, sweating lightly, and breathing a little faster than normal, but says it’s “probably nothing.” You know that this vague symptom presentation is common in this life-threatening condition, especially in men.
What is a heart attack?
While conducting surveillance at an indoor facility, you hear a loud pop and see smoke begin to fill the air from the mechanical room. Fire alarms sound, and panic spreads. You spot an unresponsive swimmer in your zone, but the smoke has begun to fill the pool deck and visibility is rapidly declining. The air is becoming difficult to breathe, and the evacuation route is closing. Despite wanting to help, you know the Red Cross prioritizes this above all else when deciding how to respond in dangerous situations.
What is ensuring personal safety and evacuating immediately, because you should never enter or remain in an unsafe scene—even if it means leaving a victim behind?
This is the emergency device you use to control severe, life-threatening bleeding from a limb when direct pressure and dressings fail.
What is a tourniquet?
ROSC stands for.
What is the return of spontaneous circulation?
While scanning the pool, a lifeguard notices a swimmer making a sudden movement near the deep end and immediately signals a rescue. Upon reaching the swimmer, the lifeguard finds they are simply treading water and waving for attention to join friends, not in distress. This is an example of this type of surveillance outcome.
What is a false positive hit?
A child trips while running on the pool deck and lands awkwardly on their arm. They are crying and holding their forearm, which appears swollen and slightly bent. They report sharp pain and cannot move their wrist or fingers. You suspect a possible fracture.
According to Red Cross splinting procedures, describe the correct steps you should take before, during, and after applying a splint in this situation.
Check for circulation (feeling, warmth, color) below the injury site before splinting;
Immobilize the arm in the position found, supporting both the joint above and below the injury without straightening;
Use a rigid splint or folded towel and secure it with cravats, gauze, or tape;
Recheck circulation after the splint is applied;
Keep the person calm, minimize movement, and call EMS if you haven't already
This legal concept protects trained lay responders from liability when providing emergency care in good faith.
What is the Good Samaritan Law?