Stages of Learning
An Aus kicker would most likely be in which stage of learning?
Cognitive
What is a gross motor skill?
A movement that requires large muscle groups
What are the two types of feedback?
Internal and External
Whole practice is practicing the skill in its entirety. Part practice is breaking the skill down into segments.
List 1 fitness component and explain why its important in AFL.
Answers will vary*
Example: Speed - so that you can outrun opponents chasing the ball.
A person who has become more consistent with fewer errors would be in which stage of learning?
Associative Stage
What is a fine motor skill?
BONUS (200): Can also give a relevant example
A movement that requires small muscle groups.
EXAMPLE: Writing, playing the piano.
What is external feedback?
Feedback from someone other than yourself.
Does blocked or random practice have a better performance level rate?
Blocked at the beginning of the practice period but to improve, random practice retains more skill.
What position/s does Miss MacDonald play?
Small forward/wing
What are the 3 stages of learning?
1. Cognitive
2. Associative
3. Autonomous
What is a serial skill? Give a relevant AFL example.
A skill that has no clear beginning or end, such as running.
'Knowledge of performance' and 'result of performance' are examples of what type of feedback?
External feedback
What 2 things do you need to consider before practicing the skill as a whole or part?
1. Complexity or difficulty of the skill (If the skill has multiple segments it's better to practice as part).
2. Task organisation - whether the skill depends on the previous segment of the skill (the ball drop determines how you kick the football).
Identify one stage of learning - for the amount of characteristics correctly identified you multiply points by
(2 characteristics = 2 x 300 etc.)
Answers will vary*
Place the following 3 people in the stages of learning for kicking a snap on the opposite foot: Joal Selwood, auskicker, Lachy Dixon.
What is the difference between a discrete and serial skill?
A discrete skill has a clear beginning and ending such as a handball. A serial skill is a series of discrete skills such as a handball into a kick -> handball-receive -> kick for goal.
Explain the 4 types of internal feedback with relation wtih kicking a goal in AFL.
Visual - you can see if it spins correctly/goes through
Auditory - the sound off the boot/hitting the post
Touch - can feel the ball drop in hands or where the ball hit the foot
Proprioception - Body, hand and arm positions in relation to the goals and the ball.
What is the difference between random and blocked practice?
Random practice is practising skills in random/unorganised order whereas blocked practice is practicing the same skill continuously before changing to the next skill.
Which is distributed practice and massed practice?
Practising 15 minutes of goal-kicking then a 2 minute break (15, 2).
Practising goal-kicking in 5 minute minutes with a 2 minute break in-between a total of 3 times (5, 2, 5, 2, 5).
MASSED = Practising 15 minutes of goal-kicking then a 2 minute break (15, 2)
DISTRIBUTED = Practising goal-kicking in 5 minute minutes with a 2 minute break in-between a total of 3 times (5, 2, 5, 2, 5).
List each stage and give 1 characteristics for each learning stage.
1. Cognitive = Skill requires a lot of cognitive energy (they have to think about what they're doing).
2. Associative = More consistent in performance and make fewer errors
3. Autonomous = The skill is largely automative with little-no errors.
Answers may vary*
What is the difference between open and closed skills? Use examples for each.
Open skills are unpredictable and conditions are constantly changing such as a stoppage. Closed skills are more predictable and the individual has control over the performance such as a kick-out (after a behind).
List the 3 purposes/benefits of feedback
1. Modify or fixing errors
2. Motivation to improve
3. Reinforcing
What is the difference between massed and distributed practice?
Massed practice is continuous practice without breaks whereas distributed practice is practice with frequent break periods.
Choose which is an open environment and what is a closed environment?
A. The first bounce at the beginning of a game
B. A boundary throw-in from an umpire
A. Closed - this occurs at the beginning of every AFL game regardless of level.
B. Open - Unsure of the distance, wind, player placements from both teams etc.