Vocabulary
the science of growing crops and raising animals to meet the food, fiber, fuel, and other needs of humans
AGRICULTURE
- 1793
- Eli Whitney
- separates seed from fiber
COTTON GIN
the resources provided by nature that can replace or renew themselves
RENEWABLE NATURAL RESOURCES
Separate grain from lighter impurities like chaff, husks, and straw using air currents.
the art, science, and practice of studying and managing forests
FORESTRY
GPS stands for....
GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM
the application of scientific principles and new technologies to agriculture
AGRISCIENCE
- 1831
- Cyrus McCormick
- Used to cut and bundle grain in the field.
REAPER
the cultivation of fish and other aquatic organisms
AQUACULTURE
Enables precision farming by collecting real-time, location-based data to precisely manage resources
branch of horticulture that is focused on the cultivation, marketing, and use of flowers and flowering plants
FLORICULTURE
Transport perishable goods by maintaining a controlled, cold temperature during long-distance transit. Expanded agricultural markets, booming meatpacking industries, and increased urban populations that could access diverse diets year-round.
REFRIGERATED TRAIN CAR
commercial firms that have developed in support of agriculture
AGRIBUSINESS
- Contains livestock, protects land, secured property rights, increased crop productivity.
- 1867: Lucien B. Smith
- 1874: Joseph Glidden
discipline within agriculture that deals with technical aspects of food from harvest to consumption
- Contain livestock, prevent wildlife from damaging crops, and establish boundaries for rotational grazing.
- 1937
- William "Bill" Gallagher
ELECTRIC WIRE
the growing, harvesting, storing, processing, and marketing of vegetables
OLERICULTURE
wire, reduced cost, protected crops, protected property rights
BARBED WIRE
science of INSECTS
ENTOMOLOGY
- 1837
- Johne Deere
- Cut, lift, and turn the soil
STEEL MOLDBOARD PLOW
applied sciences that involve the growth, care, and management of domestic livestock
ANIMAL SCIENCE
Store fermented forages (silage), grain, and other bulk materials, using gravity to pack them tightly and minimize air exposure.
the growing, harvesting, storing, processing, and marketing of fruits and nuts
POMOLOGY
Before this invention, transporting perishable agricultural products long distances was extremely difficult. This technology allowed farmers and businesses to ship products while keeping them cold.
REFRIGERATED TRAIN CAR
the science and art involved in the cultivation, propagation, management, and improvement of field crops
HORTICULTURE
- Mechanically separate grain kernels from their stalks, husks, and chaff in harvested crops
- Andrew Meikle
- 1786
THRESHER
the science of soil management and crops, specifically growth and improvement
AGRONOMY
What was the impact of the internal combustion engine?
Replaced animal labor. Engines allow faster production, more food to be grown and harvested, and superior procedures concerning countless tasks.
a production system that avoids the use of synthetically compounded fertilizers, pesticides, growth regulators, and livestock feed additives
ORGANIC FARMING
Before this invention, farmers had difficulty efficiently removing unwanted material such as chaff from harvested grain. This technology improved the cleaning process after threshing.
WINNOWER
the management of the genetic characteristics transmitted from one generation to another and its application to our needs
BIOTECHNOLOGY
Give me the year, purpose, and inventer of the combine.
- 1835
- Hiram Moore and John Hascall
- Harvest (reap), remove seeds (thresher), and separate seeds from plant (winnower)
plants that are grown for their appearance or beauty
These crops are often engineered for pest resistance, making them less susceptible to insect damage, or for herbicide tolerance, simplifying weed management for farmers
GENETICALLY MODIFIED ORGANISM (GMO)
the design of agricultural machinery, equipment, and structures
AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING
A farmer uses this technology to create field maps, guide equipment, record precise locations, and potentially apply inputs only where they are needed. What technology makes this possible?
GPS / GIS