Food Webs & Their Organisms
Energy Pyramids
Biodiversity & Natural Selection
Macromolecules & Nitrogen Cycle
Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration
100
What is autotroph? What is a heterotroph?
Autotroph- organisms that make their own food
Heterotroph- organisms that do NOT make their own food/consume autotrophs for food
100
What types of organisms are at the bottom of an energy pyramid?
Producers/plants/autotrophs
100
What is biodiversity?
The amount of different types of organisms in a given environment and/or the amount of different traits present in a species.
100
What are the 4 types of macromolecules?
Carbs, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids
100
What are the inputs/reactants of photosynthesis?
What are the outputs/products of photosynthesis?
Inputs- carbon dioxide, water (sunlight is needed for energy)
Outputs- glucose, oxygen
200
What's the original source of energy in a food web?
The sun
200
Which level of the energy pyramid can support the least amount of organisms?
The top.
200
Which ecosystem is more biodiverse?
Ecosystem A- grass, 3 types of trees, 2 types of bushes, flowers, 3 types of insects, robins, crows, sparrows, mice, rabbits, deer, coyotes, hawks, and eagles
Ecosystem B- grass, 1 type of tree, 1 type of bush, flowers, 1 type of insect, robins, and squirrels
Ecosystem A
200
What's another term for macromolecule?
organic molecule- all have carbon and hydrogen
200
What are the inputs of cellular respiration? What are the outputs of cellular respiration?
Inputs- glucose, oxygen
Outputs- carbon dioxide, water, energy (ATP)
300
What determines the direction of the arrows in a food web? What do the arrows point to?
The arrows point to the organism that is doing the consuming.
300
If there's 10,000 kcals at the bottom of this energy pyramid, how many will be available to the primary consumers?
1,000 kcals
300
Why is biodiversity important?
Biodiverse ecosystems are more stable and more resilient to changes.
300
What are the 2 categories of carbohydrates?
starches and sugars
300
What types of organisms complete photosynthesis?
What types of organisms complete cellular respiration?
Photosynthesis- only plants
Cellular respiration- plants and animals
400
What trophic level(s) does the owl belong to?
Secondary consumer, tertiary consumer
400
Why is so much energy lost as you move from one trophic level to the next?
Egested waste, heat loss, respiration, other bodily processes
400
What is natural selection?
Process by which organisms that are most suited to their environment survive and reproduce most successfully; also called survival of the fittest
400
What do all macromolecules contain?
carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
400
What's the relationship between the formulas for photosynthesis and cellular respiration?
The reactants of one are the products of the other and vice versa.
500
A disease comes and wipes out all the grasshoppers in the food web. How would this affect the rest of the food web?
Acceptable answers
- populations of frogs and birds will decrease because they consume the grasshoppers
-population of grass will increase because the grasshoppers typically eat it
-the entire food web will be affected
500
Why are there so few organisms at the top of the energy pyramid and so many at the bottom?
Only 10% of an the energy available at one level of the energy pyramid is passed on to the next. Less energy is available as you move up the pyramid. The smallest amount of energy is available at the top so it can support the smallest number of organisms.
500
Give an example of natural selection taking place. Make sure to use the terms "survive" and "reproduce" in your answer.
Answers will vary- up to teacher discretion
500
Proteins. How do plants and animals obtain nitrogen?
Through the nitrogen cycle. Plants take up nitrates through their roots (after being "fixed" by bacteria). Animals eat the nitrogen rich plants.
500
How do heterotrophs benefit from photosynthesis?
The are able to get the oxygen they need to breathe and the glucose they need for energy.