What are the 1st two civilizations that were outside of Africa?
Kush and Axum
100
Where are Ghana Mali and Songhai Empires located?
West Africa
100
Who was Sunni Ali?
Sunni Ali – ruler of Songhai
Worked to unify, strenghten & enlarge the land (took over Timbuktu & Djenne)
Brought Stability to Songhai
200
What are three African Land formations?
Kalahari, Sahara, Grasslands, Plateau, Great Rift Valley, Congo Basin
200
The Kush freed itself from whom?
Egypt
200
What was the major religion of Ghana?
Islam
200
Who was Askia Mohammed and what did he do for the Songhai Empire?
Greatest Ruler of Songhai
Serious Muslim
Supported Islamic education (Timbuktu flourished again)
Djenne became a center of learning
Organized govt. and laws based on Islamic principles
Created 1st standing army
300
Name two Climate zones that make it difficult for Civilization to thrive in.
Deserts, Rain Forrest
300
What were the Kush and what did the trade?
1st was a farming community. Then traded ivory, ebony, frankincense, & leopard skins. Later they will trade Iron workings.
300
Name two things Ghana Traded and name two things Ghana Received.
Provided gold, ivory, & slaves for traders from N. Africa
In exchange for salt, horses, cloth, & manufactured goods
300
How did Kings Treat their subjects?
Not secluded from the common people. Held meetings to allow people to voice their complaints.
400
What are the two climate zones civilization can flourish in Africa?
Northern Coast and Southern Tip, Savannas or Grasslands
400
Who were the Axum and what did they trade?
Prosperous traders that blended Arab and African Cultures. Traded between India & the Mediterranean Sea. Traded ivory, frankincense, myrrh, & slaves.
400
Who is Sundiata and what were some of his accomplishments?
King of Mali, Expanded the Empire. He taxed all trade goods, Linked Caravans between Mali and North Africa
400
How were women treated in Africa?
Women subordinate to men, but valued because of the work they could do & for having children. Lineage traced through the mother (matrilineal) rather than the father (patrilineal). Women allowed to inherit property and husband moved into wife’s house.
500
What does the climate zones and geological Features tell you about Africa?
The Diversity of the Land, and where Civilization will flourish
500
Who was King Ezana?
Axum King and invaded Kush & converted to Chrisitanity
500
Who was Mansa Musa and What was so interesting about his Hajj?
Greatest king of Mali
Known for pilgrimage to Mecca
Strengthened Islam, promoted education, trade & commerce in Mali
500
How were slaves treated and what were their jobs?
They weren’t seen as inferior. working on Farmland, part fo the army and were domestic servants