Colonization
What was the name of the meeting where European powers came together to partition parts of Africa?
Berlin Conference
What was the name of the rebel fighters that tried to take on the British army in Kenya
Mau Mau
This term means a feeling of pride and love for one's own country or nation
Nationalism
The series of discriminatory laws that segregated the blacks and whites in South Africa were known as...
Apartheid
This man is recognized as the international leader of the anti-apartheid movement
Nelson Mandela
What was the MAIN reason Europe colonized Africa?
They wanted their natural resources to make money off them
Define the term "guerrilla fighter"
a small independent group of civilians taking part in irregular fighting, typically against a larger and more official army
What European power controlled both Kenya and Nigeria
Great Britain
War or fighting between the citizens of the same country
Which South African president made the decision to start overturning apartheid laws?
F.W. de Klerk
According to the Europeans, what was the main reason they saw it was necessary and okay for them to colonize Africa?
They saw the Africans as an inferior race and saw it as their duty and right to control and civilize them as the superior race
Explain some of the issues that Africans in Kenya and Nigeria had with European rule.
They had less rights than the whites, had to pay higher taxes, had their land taken from them
Describe the Pan-African movement and what it was.
Movement in the African continent that tried to unite the African people against European imperialism and colonization by taking pride in their common history and heritage as Africans
Who were the ANC?
African National Congress: political group of Black Africans working together to try and get rid of Apartheid laws
Name the government group responsible for passing apartheid laws
National Party
Why was it necessary for European powers to meet together and partition Africa in a way they all agreed on?
They were constantly fighting over the same territories and they needed to set boundaries as to who controlled what areas in Africa
How did the major loss of the guerrilla fighters in Kenya end up being a good thing overall?
People were inspired by the fighting and began to rise up all over Kenya, as nationalism spread through the country
What was the scramble for Africa?
Time period in history when several European countries tried to colonize Africa and ended up fighting over it
Describe two things that black Africans were not allowed to do in South Africa thanks to apartheid laws
Couldn't go to the same school
Couldn't go the same hospital
Couldn't leave home without passport
What is the official event that signaled the very end of apartheid?
Nelson Mandela being elected president. A black South African being voted in by black South Africans means blacks finally have equal rights
Why did the partitioning of Africa create several different conflicts that are still happening in Africa today?
When they created new countries they placed several different ethnic groups together and split some ethnic groups up which created conflicts among the groups in Africa
Explain the real reason why Great Britain decided to give Kenya and Nigeria their independence.
It was costing them too much money to stay in the colony because they had to maintain a large army there in order to keep fighting off the rebel fighters
Explain how a rising sense of nationalism in African countries eventually led to independence
Africans began to have pride in their country and a love for their nation, and it made them angry them that another country that was not theirs was controlling and exploiting their own nation.
Explain why the South African president made the decision to start getting rid of apartheid
South Africa was hurting far too much economically from all the apartheid laws since other nations were placing embargos and refusing to trade with them
How did Mandela's imprisonment actually end up helping the anti-apartheid movement?
It raised recognition for the anti-apartheid movement worldwide and other nations started to sanction/embargo South Africa to get them to remove the apartheid laws