General
Heritage Languages
Studies
100

What is the age that delineates simultaneous and sequential bilingualism?

3

100

What is an example of a similarity between HS and L2 learners?

  • minority language is less developed

  • variations in acquisition

  • lack of native competency

  • core syntax not affected by age effects

  • grammar related to quantity and frequency of input 

100

Which language was used in Au et al.’s 2002 study?

Spanish

200

Other than age, what is the other factor that contributes to successful language development?

Exposure 

200

Why is 5-6 years old the defining age in HL acquisition?

Because that’s the average age(most parts around the world) that children start school

200

At what age range did early studies claim the ability to learn languages declines?

11-13

300

Why do age effects play a decisive role in L1 loss for early bilingualism?

the younger the bilingual child when the input is reduced/interrupted -> faster/more pervasive the extent of language loss 

300

Name an example of implicit knowledge a heritage speaker might have.

  • specialized vocabulary

  • honorifics in EA languages

  • complex structures

  • specific uses of subjunctive in Spanish or Russian

300

How did childhood signers compare to native signers in Mayberry and Kluender (2018)?

Childhood signers were significantly more inaccurate


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