Spanish Power Grows
| The belief that a ruler’s authority comes directly from God. |
| divine right |
Royal officials who carried out the policies of Louis XIV.
intendants
| Protestants who differed with the Church of England. |
| dissenters |
Soldiers for hire.
| mercenaries |
Landowning Russian nobles under Peter the Great.
| boyars |
A Greek painter who was a master of the Spanish style.
| El Greco |
French Protestants whose freedoms were protected by Henry IV.
| Huguenots |
High-ranking government leaders who advise the head of state.
| cabinet |
German princes who chose the Holy Roman emperor.
electors
The division of Poland among Russia, Prussia, and Austria.
partition
The most significant threat to the empire of Charles V?
Ottomans advancing across Europe
The Edict of Nantes helped to ensure this.
French Protestants would not be persecuted.
(religious toleration)
The type of government that was created in England by the Glorious Revolution?
A limited monarchy.
The Peace of Westphalia did this.
It ended the 30 Years War.
France gained territory.
Peter the Great waged war against the Ottoman empire to gain this.
To gain a warm-water port on the Black Sea.
An important goal of Philip II of Spain was
To defend the Catholic Reformation.
When Louis XIV revoked the Edict of Nantes, the Huguenots left France. Their departure led to the decline of this.
The decline of the French economy.
This group consisted of dissenters who sought to change Catholic practices in the Church of England?
Puritans
Maria Theresa did this to strengthen the Hapsburg empire?
She reorganized the Hapsburg bureaucracy, and improved tax collection..
She had help from Britain and Russia in preserving her empire.
Under the rule of Catherine the Great, Russia did this.
Russia seized lands (partitioned) Poland.
Gained the warm-water port on the Black Sea.
Embraced Western ideas
Opened state-sponsored schools for children
This was a major cause of conflict within the empire of King Charles V?
Charles engaged in constant war to suppress Protestantism in the German states.
Charles was a devout Catholic.
After the death of Cardinal Richelieu (his chief minister) Louis XIV did this to increase his power.
He declared “I am the state.”
He took complete control of the government.
This was one result of the English Bill of Rights of 1689?
The monarch could not interfere in parliamentary debates.
Parliament limited the royal power and recognized the English Bill of Rights. This set the stage for a constitutional monarchy in England.
By 1750, Prussia and Austria were battling for this.
They were battling for control of the German states.
Prussia and Austria were rivals.
England and France were rivals.
To maintain a balance of power, European states formed various alliances.
Peter the Great did this to gain territory for Russia along the Baltic Sea.
He won a long war with Sweden.