Spain
What religion does Spain practice at this time?
Catholicism
What makes England during the Age of Absolutism different from the other countries we studied?
England shifts to a limited constitutional monarchy to decrease the power of the monarchy.
What religion does France practice at this time?
Catholicism
What family controlled Austria at this time?
What was Peter the Great's main goal?
Westernizing Russia
What is divine right?
The belief that a monarch is given their power and right to rule by God.
What religion does England practice at this time?
Church of England - Anglican (closer to protestant)
Throughout the Age of Absolutism France maintains a rivalry with another country, what country is it and what is one main reason we discussed for this rivalry?
England, differing religious views.
What was one reason why these two countries consistently fought against eachother?
Prussia was Protestant, Austria was Catholic (remember the common theme!)
What is a warm-water port and why would Peter want one?
A warm-water port is a port that can be used year round and never freezes, Peter wants one so that he can trade with Europe year round.
Spain experiences a golden period where arts and culture flourish during which time range?
1500-1650
When England shifts to a limited monarchy, what body gains control over England with the Monarchy?
Parliament
In class we discussed a French king at this time who exemplifies what it meant to be an absolute ruler. What is his name?
Louis XIV
Geographically, how do Prussia and Austria relate to eachother?
Prussia is to the north in the Holy Roman Empire, while Austria is to the south.
Russia has two leaders who hold absolute power at this time, what are their names?
Peter the Great and Catherine the Great
What was the Spanish Armada?
A massive fleet of ships which would suffer an embarrassing and surprising defeat to England.
Why did the English people fear James II (the last king before the English Bill of Rights)
He was openly Catholic.
Louis fights several wars to increase French power. What is the eventual downside to this?
War is expensive, and the increased taxation that would come with this would be a partial cause of the French Revolution.
What was the main goal that the Habsburg family wanted to achieve in the Holy Roman Empire?
They wanted to have absolute power and have one central ruler (instead of each of the small parts of the country being more loyal to their local leaders) like in France or Spain.
St. Petersburg
Why did Spain experience economic problems in the 17th century?
Too much reliance on their colonies in the Americas being profitable off treasure and not enough focus on things like commerce and farming at home, OR the removal of Jewish and Muslim people from Spain.
Several rulers in England fail to become absolute rulers to the level that Louis XIV does, what is one reason for this that we discussed in class?
Those rulers continuously had poor relationships with parliament, including some of the rulers going as far as to disband parliament
What was the name of Louis's Palace that symbolized his absolute power?
Versailles
What was the conflict we discussed that was both brutal, and shifted the dynamic of Europe in the 17th century?
The Thirty Years war
What was the main mistake both Peter and Catherine made when trying to westernize Russia?
Allowing serfdom to continue (and grow) under their rule.