Why did the Portuguese travel east to get to India?
Portugal had discovered an eastern route to Asia around the Cape of Good Hope
200
What do you call the treaty that divided the world, and who owned which part of the world?
The Treaty of Tordesillas. Spain had most of America, while Portugal had Africa and Asia
200
What were the three city states of the Aztecs?
Tenochtitlán, Texcoco, Tlaocopán
200
Why were large capital investments considered risky for the trade routes to Asia and America, and what did merchants do about this?
Many ships sank or were attacked by pirates. Merchants formed trading companies to share the profits and losses
300
What was the caravel, and how was it better than earlier ships?
They were lighter and safer. They carried more goods. They were very fast, with square sails for speed and triangle sails for changing directions.
300
What were the Portuguese trading posts called, and why were they built on the coast?
They were called Factories, and they helped control trade and provide supplies for Portuguese fleets
300
How did Magellan and Elcano’s voyage show that the Earth was round?
They sailed through the Atlantic Ocean, passed through the Strait of Magellan, then the Pacific Ocean and the Philippines. Then Elcano continued the journey from the Philippines back to Spain.
300
How were the three great kingdoms different from each other?
Mayas were organized in independent cities, Incas were ruled by an emperor, and the Aztecs were great warriors who sacrificed their defeated enemies
300
What were the ways merchants could do commercial transactions without having to use cash? Explain each of them.
Bill of exchange – method of payment in a commercial transaction, where you paid at a different date and bank from where it came from.
Cheque – payment order against a bank deposit, and could be paid at any branch of the bank