Key Terms
______:Smaller, lighter ship, uses a rudder, and triangular sails that allowed for sailing against the wind.
Caravel
Who were the first Europeans to arrive in North America? (Approx. 1000AD.)
The Vikings (Led by Leif Erikson)
An Italian explorer during the Age of Exploration. Sailed across the Atlantic ocean in 1492 and landed in San Salvador.
Christopher Columbus
True or False: Diseases brought from Europe to North America ravaged Native American populations.
True
True or False: Naval exploration during the Age of Exploration was often very dangerous.
True
Foreign tool used by Europeans to ensure they were sailing in the right direction and could find their way back again?
The magnetic compass (From China)
Why did the Vikings abandon mainland continental North America?
Hostilities with natives; distance from trade
Who are the American continents named after?
Amerigo Vespucci
True or False: One key effect of the Age of Exploration was that it reduced world trade.
False
What Portuguese nobleman created a navigational school in the 1400s in order to promote exploration?
Henry the Navigator
________________: a period of time when the European nations began exploring the world. They discovered new routes to India, much of the Far East, and the Americas.
Age of Exploration
Who funded Christopher Columbus' expedition to explore the western Atlantic ocean?
King Ferdinand & Queen Isabella of Spain
Who was the first explorer to circumnavigate the globe?
Ferdinand Magellan
In the context of the Age of Exploration, what continents are known as "New World", and what are known as "Old World"
New World: North & South America
Old World: Europe
Name one technological advancement in navigation during the Age of Exploration
Astrolabe & Magnetic Compass
Tool used by Europeans to ensure they were sailing at the right latitude to catch the prevailing air and water currents that would help push them to the New World?
The Astrolabe
What goals did Columbus promise his voyage would accomplish if European rulers agreed to fund his voyage?
Columbus promised riches, new territory, and converts. Also the discovery of new trade routes to the east.
Who was the first European to establish a naval trade route to Asia?
Vasco de Gama
What two European nations dominated the Age of Exploration, and whose conflict led to the Line of Demarcation by Pope Alexander VI, and Treaty of Tordesillas in 1494?
Spain & Portugal
What was the chief economic goal of the French in the New World?
Gain control over North America's rich fur trade
The two valuable "commodities" that the Portuguese discovered while sailing down the West African coast?
African slaves and Sugar
Why were Native Americans sometimes referred to as “Indians” by Europeans after Columbus’ voyage?
Columbus believed he landed in a part of Asia and thus referred to the indigenous population as "Indians".
What Spanish explorer is credited with the discovery of the Pacific Ocean?
Vasco Nunez de Balboa
Two ways the Columbian exchange benefitted North America's Native Americans ?
The Europeans brought new foods (Wheat & Barley), firearms, steel tools, and new animals like cattle and especially horses.
What was the name the Dutch used to identify their colonial possessions in North America and what was the name of their colonial capital?
New Netherlands; New Amsterdam