Explorers
This Portuguese explorer was the first to sail around the Cape of Good Hope, opening up a sea route to India
Vasco da Gama
This expedition led by Ferdinand Magellan was the first to circumnavigate the globe.
Magellan's circumnavigation
This instrument, invented by the Arabs, revolutionized navigation by allowing sailors to determine their latitude at sea.
Astrolabe
This treaty, signed in 1494, divided newly discovered lands between Spain and Portugal.
Treaty of Tordesillas
This deadly disease, brought by Europeans to the New World, decimated indigenous populations.
Smallpox
This Italian explorer is credited with discovering America in 1492.
Christopher Columbus
This Spanish conquistador discovered and named the Pacific Ocean during his search for a route to Asia.
Vasco Núñez de Balboa
This navigational tool, consisting of a magnetized needle, was crucial for determining direction at sea.
Compass
This exchange of goods, plants, animals, and diseases between the Old World and the New World is known as what?
Columbian Exchange
This treacherous sea passage, located at the southern tip of South America, posed a significant challenge for explorers.
Strait of Magellan
This Spanish conquistador conquered the Aztec Empire in Mexico.
Hernán Cortés
This Portuguese explorer is credited with discovering Brazil in 1500.
Pedro Álvares Cabral
This type of ship, developed by the Portuguese, was highly maneuverable and allowed for long-distance exploration.
Caravel
This economic system was based on colonies supplying raw materials to their colonizing countries.
Mercantilism
This English explorer famously searched for the Northwest Passage, a direct route to Asia through North America.
Sir John Franklin
This English explorer is known for circumnavigating the globe, becoming the first person to do so.
Sir Francis Drake
This English explorer sailed to the Pacific Ocean and claimed the land for England, naming it New South Wales.
Captain James Cook
This invention, credited to Johannes Gutenberg, enabled the mass production of books and maps, facilitating the spread of knowledge.
Printing press
This event in 1519 marked the beginning of Spanish colonization in the Americas.
Hernán Cortés' arrival in Mexico
This deadly condition caused by a deficiency of vitamin C plagued sailors on long voyages.
Scurvy
This Portuguese explorer is famous for his voyages around Africa, reaching as far as India.
Bartolomeu Dias
This Spanish conquistador led an expedition that resulted in the conquest of the Inca Empire in Peru.
Francisco Pizarro
This Portuguese prince is often referred to as the "Father of Exploration" for his support of navigational advancements.
Prince Henry the Navigator
This Portuguese explorer is credited with establishing the first European trading post in India.
Vasco da Gama
This natural barrier prevented early European explorers from reaching Asia by sailing westward.
North and South America