Explorers
This explorer made several voyages across the Atlantic Ocean, opening up the Americas to European exploration and colonization. He believed he had found a westward route to Asia.
Christopher Columbus
This device is used to determine direction
Compass
This three-legged journey saw trade between Africa, Europe, and the Americas
Triangular Trade
In this system, the journey from the Americas to Europe saw the transfer of what goods/resources
Raw materials
Define Conquistadors
Spanish soldiers and explorers who led military expeditions into the Americas. They conquered native civilizations like the Aztecs and Incas.
This explorer was the first to reach India by sea, establishing an Ocean route that expanded trade between Europe and Asia
Vasco da Gama
These were people who created maps and sea charts
Cartographers
This was an exchange of plants, animals, culture, and human population between Europe and Africa and North and South America
Columbian Exchange
These three continents are referred to as...
The old world
This disease was caused by a lack of vitamin C and was common among sailors on long sea voyages. Led to weakness, bleeding gums, and death.
Scurvy
This explorer led the first expedition to circumnavigate the globe. Although he was killed before completing the voyage, his crew finished the journey proving the Earth was round.
Ferdinand Magellan
A ______ is used to determine altitude using the stars which they could then use to find their latitude
Sextant
This was the forced transportation of millions of Africans to the Americas...
Slave Trade
The journey from Africa to the Americas, known for the horrendous conditions and high death rates was known as...
Middle Passage
This was the motto used by Europeans to summarize their motivations for exploration:
"God, Gold, and Glory"
This explorer was the first to sail around the southern tip of Africa.
Bartolomeu Dias
A ________ is a Portuguese ship that used square and triangular sails to travel more efficiently across the world oceans
A Caravel
This system allowed the Spanish colonists to grant land to natives in exchange for native labor. In return, the Spanish were supposed to provide protection and religious instruction.
Encomienda system
Define colonization
is when a country takes control of another land, send its people to live there, and use the resources found there to benefit itself. This could include taking native land and spreading the colonizing countries culture and rules.
Colonizing countries include Spain, Portugal, England, France, etc.
Superior technology, diseases, and religion/superstition
Jacques Cartier
This allowed ships to steer better
A sternpost rudder
This system was practiced by Europeans who prioritized wealth through favorable balance of trade by acquiring colonies to benefit the mother country.
Mercantilism
On the journey from Europe to Africa, what good were exchanged?
Manufactured goods
What happened to the native populations of North and South America when the Europeans arrived?
Around 90% were wiped out by diseases that they had no natural immunity to because they had never dealt with the diseases before.