Vocabulary
The that involved the exchange of goods and enslaved people between Europe, Africa, and the Americas.
The Triangular Trade
Italian merchant that wrote a book about what he observed in Asia. Introduced spices and gun powder to Europe.
Marco Polo
This explorer was from Portugal and he explored the west coast of Africa making it around the south of Africa in 1487.
Dias
How did the Columbian Exchange affect European diets?
Introduced new foods that improved nutrition and variety.
Which two countries were leaders in the transportation of enslaved persons?
Spain and Portugal
A small, light sailing ship used by the Spanish and Portuguese.
Triangular sails stronger against the wind
Large cargo area
Shallow draft allowed it to explore close to the shore
The Caravel
This country lead (started) the 'Age of Exploration'
Portugal
This explorer is from Portugal. He sailed the coast of Africa and located a route to Asia by sailing around the coast of Africa
Da Gama
How did the Columbian Exchange lead to a dramatic decrease in Indigenous populations?
What is the introduction of new diseases to which Native Americans had no immunity?
They have immunity from European disease - This is an example what ?
Why African were brought to the Americas
What is Mercantilism?
An economic system that aims to increase a country's wealth and power through trade and expansion.
The treaty of ________________ gave Spain the rights to explore most of the Americas. Everything east of the demarcation line went to Portugal and west to Spain.
Tordesillas
This explorer conquered the Inca Empire
Who is Francisco Pizarro?
This country focused their attention on North America & setuping up colonies for raw materials (timber and cash crops like Tobacco, rice, and later cotton.
England
How did forced labor contribute to the Americas?
It greatly contributed to economic power because it is free/cheap labor
Christopher Columbus introduced horses, sugar plants, and disease to the New World, while facilitating the introduction of New World commodities like sugar, tobacco, chocolate, and potatoes to the Old World. The process by which commodities, people, and diseases crossed the Atlantic is known as the_________
Columbian Exchange
Reasons to find a NEW Sailing route to Spice Islands (Asia and India)
1. Silk road was very dangerous to looters / price higher
2. Trade routes were controlled by Italian City-States
3. NEW ship technology Compass (n&S), Ship Rudder, Sails, and Cartography (map making),
This Explorer circumnavigated the world, proving the world was NOT flat.
Magellan
A forced labor and tax system where natives worked for Spanish protection and religious instruction though it was unsuccessful
What was the encomienda system?
How were African societies affected by the slave trade?
They were broken up into tribes, some even traded other tribes with Europeans for gold, guns, and goods.
The routes Atlantic slave trade ships took in which millions of enslaved Africans were forcibly transported to the Americas.
The Middle Passage
What are the main reasons for European Expansion/Colonization?
European expansion and colonization was to acquire land and resources to produce exports to sell for profit on the growing transAtlantic market
This explorer waited several years for Ferdinand and Isabella of Spain sponsored his trip, only after the last Moorish Kingdom had been captured and Islam driven from their realm.
Christopher Columbus
How did the Navigation Acts relate to mercantilism?
Laws that restricted colonial trade to benefit England and promote self-sufficiency
What types of work did enslaved Africans perform, and where did most of them work?
In mines, fields, or as domestic servants. More 40% worked on sugar plantations in Brazil