Causes of the Age of Exploration
What were the three major motives of the Age of Exploration?
What is Gold, God and Glory? (Spice trade, spread of Christianity, fame and adventure)
Scientific Revolution
What was the time period between the 16th to 18th centuries in which significant advances were made in science? (Including the emergence of the modern sciences, development of the the scientific method, and belief the nature and the universe were governed by mathematical laws).
This explorer was killed in the Phillippines after sailing around South America through the Strait of Magellan
Who is Ferdinand Magellan?
Location of the Inca
Where is South America along the Andes mountain range?
Mesoamerica
What is the region that extends from Central Mexico through Central America?
This new type of ship made the Age of Exploration possible.
What are caravels?
The way people determined the truth before the Scientific Revolution
What is the the teachings of the Catholic Church? (Also folklore and superstition)
This explorer for Spain searched for a shorter route to Asia and accidentally ended in the Americas (West Indies).
Who is Christopher Columbus?
Method the Inca used to adapt agriculture to their environment
What is terrace farming?
Names of major Mesoamerican civilizations in chronological order
What are the Olmec, Maya, and Aztec civilizations?
This individual started a school for navigation and sponsored 50 voyages although he never explored himself.
Who is Prince Henry the Navigator?
Evidence of the of science during the Middle Ages
This individual found a major trading route to India in the late 1400s.
Who is Vasco da Gama?
Ways the Inca united maintained a powerful empire
What are an extensive network of roads, strong central government that owned everything, men required to provide labor and military service, imposed the Quechua language on conquered people?
Common traits of Mesoamerican civilizations
What are monumental architecture (pyramids and palaces), hieroglyphic writing, cities, polytheistic religion with human sacrifice, extensive trade networks?
These individuals sponsored European exploration voyages.
Who are Kings and Queens?
Ways that knowledge changed as a result of the Scientific Revolution
Scholars no longer accepted the church or ancient philosophers as the sole source of knowledge, the Scientific Method was developed to determine the truth, experimentation and reasoning were sources of knowledge
Amerigo Vespucci
Who is the Italian explorer the Americas is named after?
Crops or animals central to the Inca diet (Domesticated by the Inca)
What are potatoes, quinoa, alpaca, and llama?
Differences between the Maya and Aztec
Aztec had centralized government while Maya were city-states, Aztec used chinampas in agriculture while the Maya used slash-and-burn agriculture.
Technology that enabled the Age of Exploration
Better maps (portolani), compasses, gunpowder and firearms, Lateen sails, etc.
Famous scholar and their contribution to the Scientific Revolution
Who is Isaac Newton and Gravity, Copernicus/Galileo and Heliocentric Theory, Kepler and orbits of planets, etc.?
First European explorer to sail around the Cape of Good Hope (southern tip of Africa).
Who is Bartolomeu Dias?
Reasons for the decline of the Inca
What is conquered by the Spanish? (Also Small Pox epidemic throughout the Empire, Civil War when the emperor died).
Causes for the decline of pre-Columbian civilizations
Maya may have declined from over farming, drought, or warfare.
Aztec and Inca were conquered by the Spanish, made possible by the spread of small pox brought by Europeans and less advanced weapons.