Part 1
The first Europeans to reach the east coast of North America were the _____.
Vikings, Christopher Columbus, charter, plantations, Ferdinand Magellan, Prince Henry the Navigator.
vikings
A navigator wants to know how far north or south the ship is while traveling across the ocean. He measures the altitude of a star above the horizon. What instrument would he most likely use?
The Astrolabe
Agreement that was created to prevent conflicts between two important explorer nations over competing claims to newly discovered territories.
Treaty of Tordesillas
What navigation instrument did sailors use to measure the position of the Sun or stars above the horizon?
The Astrolabe
_____ established a navigation school and financed expeditions to the west coast of Africa.
Prince Henry the Navigator
What were the three major motivations for exploration?
"God, Gold, and Glory"
Ferdinand Magellan lead an expedition which was the first to _____, or go all the way around the globe.
circumnavigate
What was the Columbian Exchange?
The exchange of plants, animals, people, diseases, and goods between the Eastern and Western Hemispheres following European contact with the Americas.
One of the most important European explorers was _____, who was the first person to claim lands in the Americas for Spain.
Christopher Columbus
Sailors had the _____, an instrument that uses a magnetic needle to help sailors determine direction?
Compass
The transfer of plants, animals, ideas, technology and diseases between the Europeans and the Americas became known as the _____.
Columbian exchange
Potatoes, corn, tomatoes, cacao, and tobacco were some of the important products that moved from which hemisphere to which during this exchange?
New world to the Old world
The first voyage that sailed completely around the world was headed by _____.
Ferdinand Magellan
New ships called _____ used triangular sails that, unlike traditional square sails, allowed ships to sail against the wind.
caravels
In 1494, ________________ negotiated an agreement to settle competing claims to newly explored territories.
The Pope Alexander VI, Ferdinand II of Aragon, Isabella I of Castile, and King John II of Portugal.
Wheat, coffee, turkey and sugarcane were introduced to __________ as part of the Columbian Exchange?
The New world, The Americas
Why did European countries search for new sea routes to Asia instead of continuing to rely primarily on traditional land routes?
Known routes were dangerous due to the Ottoman Empire.
An imaginary _____ divided the Atlantic Ocean. Spain could claim all land west of the line.
Line of Demarcation
Explorers needed ___________ that could travel long distances, carry supplies, and maneuver more easily than larger ships.
the caravel
Why did diseases such as smallpox have such a devastating effect on Indigenous populations after European contact?
Indigenous people were highly vulnerable to European diseases because they had not been exposed to them before and had little natural immunity.