Explorers
What nationality was Prince Henry the Navigator?
Portuguese
Name three important new navigational tools from this time.
Compass, astrolabe, and sextant
What is a colonizing empire?
An empire that seeks to expand by claiming other territories.
Before Spain and Portugal were leaders in exploration, which countries/powers were the leaders?
Arabs/Muslims and Italians.
The Netherlands is home to the people we call:
The Dutch
Bartolomeu Dias sailed where?
Around the tip of Africa and made it to the other side (the Eastern side).
Name the new type of ship that made crossing the Atlantic or long distances of open water possible.
Caravel
What is a trading empire?
An empire that expands through establishing trade.
What kind of empire did Portugal have and where did the concentrate most of their attention (geographically)?
They had a trading empire and the focused on India and Africa.
Which two nations developed East India Companies?
The Netherlands and England.
Vasco Da Gama's claim to fame was...
He sailed round the tip of Africa and then made it all the way to India.
What made the caravel the preferred ship for exploring during the Age of Exploration? (Name at least three features.)
Large cargo area to hold supplies for long voyages, strudier and larger to withstand open ocean, triangular sails to catch more wind, and its shallow draft allowed it to explore close to the shore.
What was the Treaty of Tordesilla?
A treaty that said Portugal could explore the lands to the east and Spain could explore the lands to the west.
What kind of empire did Spain have and where did they concentrate on exploring (geographically)?
They had a colonizing empire and focused on exploring what is now called South America, Mexico, and Central America.
What were the powers of the Dutch and British East India Companies?
Raise armies, make treaties, conduct trade
What is Henry the Navigator's major contribution to exploration?
The creation of his school for navigators.
Sailors used what natural objects to assist with navigation?
sun, moon, stars, types of birds or animals only found in certain areas or that need to be near land.
What was the Line of Demarcation?
An imaginary line that divided Spain's area from Portugal's area.
What was the shared mission of both Portugal and Spain?
To spread Christian faith, gain wealth, and bring glory to their empire in some form.
The British East India company focused on establishing trading bases in which area?
India
What nationalities were Bartolomeu Dias and Vasco Da Gama?
Both were Portuguese
Who started a school for navigators?
Prince Henry, AKA Henry the Navigator.
What is a sextant? Hint- you have to be specific about how it functions.
It is a navigational tool that measures the hieght of celestial bodies (like stars) aboe the horizon line in order to help sailors determine latitude and longitude.
Who organized the division of territory between Portugal and Spain with ______ (a treaty). Bonus if you are specific about the WHO.
The Pope (Alexander VI) officated the Treaty of Tordesillas.
Which countries were leaders in exploring and establishing Asian trade after the Dutch East India company declined in the 1700s?