Hows and Whys
What advantages did European nations have that allowed them to dominate weaker regions during the age of imperialism?
European nations had strong economies, advanced technology, and superior weapons.
What allowed Europeans to explore deeper into Africa in the early 1800s?
Medical innovations and steamboats
What was the significance of the Crimean War (1853–1856) for the Ottoman Empire?
The Crimean War showed the Ottoman Empire's growing weakness despite its victory.
What caused the Opium Wars between Britain and China in the early 19th century?
The Opium Wars were caused by Britain importing opium into China, leading to addiction and economic disruption.
After the Industrial Revolution, Britain is now the workshop of the world. This increases their need for more _________ for manufacturing and more _________________ to sell to.
resources, customers.
What event formalized the division of Africa among European powers
The Berlin Conference
How was Britain able to gain control of Egypt?
Gained control over the Suez Canal because the construction of the canal caused Egypt to go into debt.
What were the terms of the Treaty of Nanjing signed in 1842?
The Treaty of Nanjing gave Britain control of Hong Kong, access to five Chinese ports, and indemnity payments for war losses.
What is the difference between direct rule and indirect rule during imperialism?
Direct rule involved European nations sending officials to govern colonies, while indirect rule allowed local rulers to maintain authority under European supervision.
What resources did King Leopold II of Belgium exploit in the Congo, and what impact did this have?
rubber and ivory; this prompts other European nations to stake claims in Africa as well
How did the British government change its rule in India after the Sepoy Rebellion?
After the Sepoy Rebellion, the British government replaced the East India Company’s rule, starting the period known as the Raj.
Why did China lose the Sino-Japanese War (1894-1895), and what were the consequences?
China lost because Japan modernized its military and economy, and as a result, China ceded Taiwan to Japan.
What is a sphere of influence?
A sphere of influence is where foreign powers claimed exclusive trading or investment rights in specific regions
Who was Dr. David Livingstone, and how did he contribute to European involvement in Africa?
What role did the Indian National Congress and the Muslim League play in India’s independence movement?
The Indian National Congress pushed for self-rule and equal rights, while the Muslim League advocated for a separate Muslim state.
What was the Boxer Rebellion?
The Boxer Rebellion was a violent peasant uprising to expel foreigners and Christians
The four key motivations that drove the age of Imperialism
What are economic interests, political and military ambitions, humanitarian goals, and Social Darwinism.
Who was Ethiopia's Emperor when they successfully fought off European colonizers to keep their freedom?
Emperor Menelik II
Why was India called Britain's "Jewel in their Crown"?
India was called Britain’s “Jewel in the Crown” because it supplied raw materials and served as a market for British goods.
What were Sun Yixian’s Three Principles of the People?
Sun Yixian’s Three Principles were nationalism, democracy, and economic security