Enlightenment Ideas
These were the three most important ideas of the Enlightenment.
What is Rationalism, empiricism, and progressivism?
John Locke believed that everyone had these specific things, and that no one could take them away from you.
What is natural rights of life, liberty, and property?
This device was used for public executions during the French Revolution
What is a guillotine?
This type of government involves one person or group being in complete control.
What is monarchy?
This name was given to intellectuals who applied reason to how the government should be run.
What is philosophes?
This idea promotes that knowledge comes from observation and experience.
What is empiricism?
This French philosopher was a critic of the Christian Church, slavery, European monarchy and an advocate for religious toleration. Used a pen name to protect his identity.
Who is Voltaire?
France was bankrupt primarily for these two reasons.
What is deficit spending? What is national debt from war?
This form of government involves peasants/serfs working the land and providing crops to the lord in exchange for protection.
What is feudalism?
This term was used to refer to monarchs who agreed with Enlightened ideas about government.
What is Enlightened Despots?
Enlightened thinkers strongly opposed this practice where a monarch had complete and total power over the government.
What is absolutism?
This French woman is cited as the first feminist, and called for equal education for both boys and girls.
Who is Mary Wollstonecraft?
The Third Estate's problem with the monarchy could be boiled down to this.
What is a lack of taxing the First and Second Estate?
This policy allowed businesses to run with limited to no government interference.
What is Laissez fare?
This French monarch was infamous for her quote, "let them eat cake."
Who is Marie Antoinette?
This idea involves limiting the power of each branch of government to prevent corruption.
What is a separation of powers?
Baron de Montesquieu argued for this type of government because all other types of government would eventually become corrupt.
What is monarchy?
The Committee of Public Safety was created to complete this task.
Double Points: Name both of the leaders.
What is to find and punish traitors?
Who is Danton and Robespierre?
This French king allowed for toleration of Protestants and Jews, and sold church property to create hospitals. Ended serfdom.
Who is Joseph II?
A group of angry woman stormed this location when it was discovered the royal family attempted to flee France.
What is Versailles?
Thomas Hobbes book, "Leviathan," argued that all members of society do this in order to be in a orderly society, and that without this, society would fall into chaos.
What is a social contract?
Jean Jacques Rousseau argued in "The Social Contract," these three specific points.
What is people are inherently good? What is limited government control? What is the good of the community above the individual?
These two groups that made up the French Republic, represented the rich middle class, and the working class.
What is Girondists, and Jacobins?
These were the three parts of the French government.
What is the First, Second, and Third Estate?
This was France's declaration decreeing freedoms of religion, speech, and the press.
What is the Declaration of the Rights of Man?