Vocabulary
Enlightenment
A period in the 17th and 18th centuries when people began to think more about reason and individual rights.
Things the Enlightenment focused on (name at least three)
Rationality, scientific reason, arts, literature, olitical ideology and revolution
Primary Reason for Latin American revolutions
Independence from colonial rule
Three goals of the French Revolution
Overthrow the monarchy, Create a representative government, Equality and abolition of feudal privileges
Major results of the Industrial Revolution
European nations emerged as dominant powers in the world economy
Natural Rights (there are three)
Life, liberty, property
The Enlightenment led to
An increased emphasis on personal rights guaranteed by the state.
Main goal of the Mexican Revolution
Social and political reform
What were the Three Estates in pre-revolutionary France?
First Estate: Clergy/religious people
Second Estate: Nobility
Third Estate: Everyone else
The role of railroads in the Industrial Revolution
They accelerated the speed of industrialization by transporting goods quickly
Nationalism
A strong feeling of pride in and devotion to one’s country, often leading to the desire for independence. Nationalism led to unification in Germany and Italy.
“We want to drive out the foreigners not only because we want to see our country powerful and glorious, but because we want to elevate the Italian people in intelligence and moral development.”
What was one major problem with absolutism, and how did the Enlightenment offer a solution?
Corruption - ending absolute power
What social group played a significant role in the Mexican Revolution?
Indigenous populations
What happened in the Radical Stage of the French Revolution?
Execution of thousands of leaders, nobles, and commoners who weren't seen as "revolutionary enough"
The impact of urbanization during the Industrial Revolution
Overcrowded and unsanitary living conditions
Porfiriato
Authoritarian rule by Porfirio Díaz in which he copied European values and technologies and closed off opportunities for large numbers of the middle and upper class.
Two goals of the Enlightenment
Overthrow monarchy, establish equality, create a representative government, and abolish feudal privileges
Three revolutionary ideas from the French Revolution
liberty, equality, fraternity
How did the Enlightenment lead to the Revolutions?
Encouraged people to question authority and the way things had always been
Working conditions in factories
Long hours, gender pay gaps, and poor treatment by employers
Realpolitick
A practical approach to politics that focuses on the needs of the state rather than moral or ideological considerations.
Name one Enlightenment thinker
Locke, Voltaire, and Montesquieu...others
The Haitian Revolution was different from other revolutions of the time because
It was led by enslaved and formerly enslaved people who successfully overthrew both colonial rule and slavery.
What primary source did this come from?
Of the Rights and Respective Duties of Husband and Wife:
Husband and wife mutually owe to each other fidelity, succor, and assistance.The husband owes protection to his wife, the wife obedience to her husband.
The wife is obliged to live with her husband, and to follow him wherever he may think proper to dwell: the husband is bound to receive her, and to furnish her with everything necessary for the purposes of life, according to his means and condition.
The wife can do no act in law without the authority of the husband, even where she shall be a public trader, or not in community, or separate in property.
The Napoleonic Code
Economic difference between industrialized and non-industrialized countries at the end of the 19th century
Britain started industrializing early and advanced quickly, while China, Africa, and India were exploited and didn't develop as much.