Restoration Ideology
An ideology that Edmund Burke subscribed to in his Reflections on the Revolution in France. One tenet of his belief was that natural rights and natural law were dangerous to the social order. He instead favored slow change over time.
What is conservatism?
The term restoration refers to this family regaining the throne of France following the Napoleonic Era.
Who were the Bourbons?
The only major state that did not face a revolutionary uprising in 1848.
What was Great Britain?
The inventor of the first true steam engine
Who was James Watt?
Primary author of The Communist Manifesto
Who was Karl Marx?
This war was critical to the creation of conditions that would lead to the unification of both Italy and Germany
What was the Crimean War?
The geographic focus of the "New Imperialism" was these two continents
What are Africa and Asia?
This art movement rejected the cold rationalism of 18th century Neoclassicism and emphasized emotions and feeling instrad
What was Romanticism?
An ideology that is based on the idea that all peoples' identities are defined by their connection with a nation and that they owe this nation their primary loyalty, even over a king or local lord.
What is nationalism?
This political reform in Great Britain forced the poor into workhouses where conditions were made terrible on purpose in order to discourage people from seeking assistance or welfare.
What was the Poor Law of 1834?
This "push factor" in Ireland caused around one million people to emigrate and another million to perish.
What was the "Great Potato Famine?"
Perhaps the most important invention in the 19th century industrial revolution - fueled by iron and steam
What was the railroad?
This nurse revolutionized the profession during the 1850s in Europe
Who was Florence Nightingale?
This war fueled the German-French rivalry for the next 40+ years, one of Bismarck's three wars of unification
What was the Franco-Prussian War? (1871)
The construction of this was finished in 1869, reducing the amount of time it took for Europeans to reach Asia
What was the Suez Canal?
Who was Emmeline Pankhurst?
An ideology, begun during the Enlightenment, that emphasizes individual natural rights and support for limits on political authorities through the writing of constitutions
What is liberalism?
During the Greek Revolution, the Concert of Europe decided to intervene on behalf of the Greek revolutionaries fighting the so-called Sick Man of Europe. Which state does this term refer to?
What was the Ottoman Empire?
A surprising outcome of the revolution in 1848 in France was the election of this man with a famous connection
Who was Louis Napoleon?
Some individuals rebelled against industrialization, going so far as to destroy new machines in anger - what do we refer to them as?
What are Luddites?
The architect of Italian unification and a subscriber to realpolitik
Who was Camillo di Cavour?
Italian unification required the expulsion of this foreign state from the peninsula
Who was Austria?
Rudyard Kipling believed that it was _______ to uplift native Africans and Asians. Unironically.
What is "the White Man's Burden?"
Leading advocate for Zionism
Who was Theodore Herzl?
Charles Fourier created a blueprint for a cooperative community. He is thus most likely a forerunner of this political ideology.
What is socialism?
Revolution broke out in Paris in 1830 as a result of Charles X and his minister, the Prince of Polignac, issuing the July Ordinances, which dissolved the elected assembly and took away the right to vote from the upper middle classes. The so-called July Revolution ended with the crowning of this liberal.
Who was Louis Philippe?
There was an effort in the German states to create a unified state in 1848. This failed in part due to delegates' refusal to include this state in a unified Germany.
What was Austria?
These acts of Parliament served to create larger farming operations which became more efficient and a large labor force willing to work in cities for low wages.
What were the Enclosure Acts?
German realpolitik guy
Who was Otto von Bismarck?
Bismarck's political enemies were members of this ideological group in Germany
Who were the Socialists?
This attitude influenced the new imperialism - proponents held that the white races were destined for supremacy over "inferior peoples"
What is Social Darwinism?
This episode in France revealed French anti-semitism during the late 19th century
What was the Dreyfus Affair?
This author wrote On Liberty, which a "clarion call for personal freedom."
Who was John Stuart Mill?
The Concert of Europe had a policy of intervention - that is, they'd intervene in order to stop nationalist or liberal uprisings in sovereign states. One of the hints that this balance of power would not last was this state's refusal to participate in such interventions.
Who was Great Britain?
These people in Great Britain advocated for universal adult male suffrage, a secret ballot, the abolition of property requirements to be a member of Parliament, among other liberal reforms. They failed in the immediate sense, but their demands were met by the early 20th century.
Who were the Chartists?
A German creation that predated a unified state of Germany, but united the states economically
What was the Zollverein, or German customs union?
Crowned the Kaiser of the Second Reich at the Palace of Versailles
Who was Kaiser Wilhelm I?
Bismarck's attack on the Catholic Church was known by this German term
What is Kulturkampf?
The United States was late to the imperialist "game," but received the Philippines as an effect of this late 19th century conflict
What was the Spanish-American War?
Dude who wrote that dreams revealed the inner workings of the subconscious self
Who was Sigmund Freud?