1
What type of fertiliser is made from natural materials like compost or manure?
Organic fertiliser.
What is the main goal of commercial farming?
To produce crops or livestock to sell and make a profit.
What are weed-killing chemicals called?
Herbicides.
How does crop rotation help reduce pest problems?
By breaking the life cycle of pests that rely on specific plants.
What are the two main types of fertilisers based on how fast they act?
Quick-acting and slow-acting fertilisers.
What is the difference between arable and pastoral farming?
Arable farming grows crops; pastoral farming raises animals.
Name one disadvantage of using chemical pesticides
They can damage the environment or leave residues on food
What is subsistence farming?
Farming mainly to feed the farmer's family, with little or no surplus.
Why is it not advisable to apply fertilisers before heavy rain?
Because rain can wash the nutrients away into rivers and lakes, causing pollution.
What do we call animals that feed on or damage crop plants?
Pests.
What type of crop has deep roots that help break up the soil?
Root crops.
Which nutrient-fixing plants are commonly used in crop rotation to improve soil fertility?
Legumes.
What percent of the world’s freshwater is used for farming?
Around 70%.
What is the purpose of leaving land fallow in crop rotation?
To allow the soil to rest and recover.
What is crop rotation?
The practice of growing different crops in a planned sequence to improve soil health and reduce pests.
What happens when a farmer grows the same crop continuously in the same plot?
Soil diseases and pests build up, and nutrients are depleted.
Why is irrigation important in agriculture?
Water is essential for plant growth, cell activity, and photosynthesis.
Why must farmers be careful when spraying herbicides on windy days?
Wind can spread the spray to unintended areas, reducing effectiveness and causing harm.
What factor should farmers consider before applying herbicides or fertilisers?
Weather conditions, especially rain and wind.
What is one risk of overusing irrigation water?
It can deplete water supplies and damage ecosystems.
Which type of agriculture uses a lot of labour, machines, or fertilisers to get high output from a small area?
Intensive farming
What happens to herbicides if applied before heavy rain?
They can be washed off the weeds, making them ineffective.
What kind of farming combines crop growing and animal raising?
Mixed farming.
What is biological control?
Using natural predators to reduce pest populations.
What is the role of nitrogen, potassium, and phosphorus in agriculture?
They are essential minerals that support plant growth and health.