Latent Fingerprints
What are fingerprints made of and when do they form?
Fingerprints are made of ridges formed before birth. They stay the same for life.
What does CPR stand for?
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation.
Which phase of the cell cycle takes up about 90% of the time?
Interphase.
What are the five types of bones? Give one example of each.
Long (femur), Short (carpals), Flat (skull), Irregular (vertebrae), Sesamoid (patella).
What position is used as the reference for all anatomical terms?
Anatomical position
What does "latent" mean in forensic science?
“Latent” means hidden; latent prints are invisible and made from oils, sweat, and dirt.
What is the compression rate per minute for adult CPR?
100 to 120 compressions per minute.
What happens during the S phase?
DNA is duplicated.
What’s the difference between compact and spongy bone?
Compact bone is dense and strong (outer layer); spongy bone is porous and holds marrow.
What does the transverse plane divide, and what is one way it's used?
Transverse plane divides the body into top and bottom halves; used in CT scans.
Name all three types of fingerprints and give one example of each.
Patent – visible (e.g., ink), Plastic – 3D (e.g., clay), Latent – invisible (e.g., glass).
How many rescue breaths should follow every 30 compressions in adult CPR?
2 rescue breaths.
List all four stages of mitosis in order and one key event in each.
Prophase – chromosomes condense; Metaphase – chromosomes line up; Anaphase – chromatids pull apart; Telophase – two nuclei form.
Match the terms: Diaphysis, Epiphysis, Metaphysis — with their location.
Diaphysis – shaft, Epiphysis – ends with spongy bone, Metaphysis – growth plate area.
Identify the location of the epigastric and hypogastric regions.
Epigastric – above the stomach (center top); Hypogastric – below the stomach (center bottom).
Describe how super glue fuming reveals latent prints.
Super glue (cyanoacrylate) fumes stick to fingerprint moisture, turning it white in a sealed space.
What is the correct hand placement for adult chest compressions?
Center of the chest, on the lower half of the sternum, with hands stacked.
What are the three major cell cycle checkpoints and why are they important?
G1 – checks growth; G2 – checks DNA and proteins; M – checks proper chromosome alignment.
What are osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts, and what does each one do?
Osteoblasts – build bone, Osteocytes – maintain bone, Osteoclasts – break down bone.
What are the main differences between dorsal and ventral body cavities? Name organs found in each.
Dorsal cavity – back (brain, spinal cord); Ventral cavity – front (lungs, heart, digestive/reproductive organs).
Name two careers where fingerprint identification is regularly used and explain why.
Forensic scientists (identify suspects), Police officers (evidence collection), Disaster victim ID teams (match remains).
Explain the differences in CPR technique for infants, children, and adults (1 key difference per group).
Infant: 2 fingers, gentle compressions; Child: 1 hand or 2 depending on size; Adult: 2 hands, full-depth compressions (2 inches).
How does failure of checkpoints lead to cancer? Name a healthcare career that involves monitoring this.
If checkpoints fail, abnormal cells divide unchecked, causing cancer. Careers: Oncology Nurse, Pathologist, Genetic Counselor.
If collagen is removed from bone, what happens? What about if calcium phosphate is removed? Explain why.
Without collagen, bones shatter (brittle); without minerals, bones bend (too flexible).
Define the following directional terms using body part comparisons: proximal, distal, medial, and lateral.
Proximal – closer to attachment (elbow to fingers); Distal – farther (toes to knee); Medial – toward midline (nose to eyes); Lateral – away from midline (ears to nose).