The Background
Will AI replace doctors in the near future? (True or False)
False
Which of the following is a primary application of machine learning in medical imaging?
A) Predicting weather patterns
B) Diagnosing diseases from images (e.g., X-rays, MRIs)
C) Editing genetic code in embryos
D) Designing new surgical tools
B) Diagnosing diseases from images (e.g., X-rays, MRIs)
True or False: The purpose of Natural Language Processing is to increase the workload on physicians
False
List any one advantage of implementing AI in medicine.
2. Efficient in automating tasks
3. Saves money
4. Reduce errors
Which of the following statements reflects the main reason for the recent "hype" of AI in healthcare?
A) AI can replace all human doctors and medical staff.
B) AI models promise to improve diagnostics, treatment personalization, and patient outcomes.
C) AI is a cheaper alternative to traditional clinical training.
D) AI can fully automate patient consultations.
B) AI models promise to improve diagnostics, treatment personalization, and patient outcomes.
Which two specific components of NLP are used to understand and generate human-like text?
Chatgpt
Natural Language Understanding (NLU) and Natural Language Generation (NLG).
Natural Language Comprehension (NLC) and Natural Language Speaking (NLS)
None of the above
Answer: Natural Language Understanding (NLU) and Natural Language Generation (NLG).
What are the common applications of AI?
1. Robotics
2. Healthcare
3. E-commerce
(Any other answer that makes sense counts)
Which of the following machine learning techniques is most often associated with unsupervised learning in medical research?
A) Linear regression
B) K-means clustering
C) Decision trees
D) Support vector machines
B) K-means clustering
How can Natural Language Processing (NLP) assist in reducing physician burnout in clinical settings?
Allowing them to take on multiple patients at a given time
By creating more work for them
By automating documentation and analyzing electronic health records, thus reducing the administrative workload on physicians.
All of the above
Answer: By automating documentation and analyzing electronic health records, thus reducing the administrative workload on physicians.
Name a significant growth driver of the AI in healthcare market.
1. Significant decrement in the number of physicians
2. Rising prevalence of neurological disorders
What is one of the primary purposes of model deployment in a clinical setting?
A) To showcase machine learning applications to stakeholders
B) To implement the trained model into real-world clinical workflows
C) To improve model accuracy by testing it on new patient data
D) To simplify the data preprocessing steps
B) To implement the trained model into real-world clinical workflows
Topic Modelling, used in health research is the process of:
Identifying and categorizing topics or themes within a collection of documents
Analyzing drug interactions with genes, biomarkers and environment
Sorting patients into cohorts for clinical trials
Analyzing patient emotions and creating sentiment scores
Answer: Identifying and categorizing topics or themes within a collection of documents
Name any two influential moments in the development of AI in medicine (with respect to the background presentation)
1. 1950s-1980s - Machine Learning Origins
2. 1980s - Medical Imaging Boom
3. 1996 - Data Privacy Regulations
4. 2003 - Human Genome Project Completion
5. 2020 - COVID-19 Pandemic
Explain the process by which NLP works and creates structured representation from clinical notes
Unstructured data (clinical notes) - OCR - Words token - Semantic, syntactic and pragmatic analysis - using medical databases and terminologies - structured representation used for diagnosis
What ethical concerns must be addressed when implementing Natural Language Processing in health care?
Ensuring patient data privacy, mitigating biases in model outcomes, obtaining informed consent, and establishing liability frameworks