Organelles
Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Proteins
100
Which organelle manufactures ribosomes using rRNA and proteins
Nucleolus
100
Name three organelles all cells contain
Cell membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes
100
Name the covalent bond between carbohydrate monomers
Glycosidic bond
100
Name the covalent bond between the glycerol & fatty acids
Ester bond (linkage)
100
Name the covalent bond between protein monomers
Peptide bond
200
Which type of microscope produces extremely detailed, 3D images of the exterior of cells
Scanning electron microscope
200
What is the major difference in DNA between prokaryotic & eukaryotic cells
Prokaryotic DNA is circular, Eukaryotic DNA is linear
200
What is one of the major functions of carbohydrates?
Short term energy, structure, energy storage
200
What is one of the major functions of lipids?
Long-term energy storage, insulation, hormones
200
What is one of the major functions of proteins?
Enzymes, membrane passage, some hormones, antibodies, structure
300
This organelle is surrounded by a double membrane, contains its own circular DNA, and is the site of aerobic respiration in eukaryotic cells
Mitochondria
300
Which types of organelles do prokaryotic cells not have?
Membrane-bound organelles
300
Plants store carbohydrates as this
Starch
300
This class of lipid is solid at room temperature, contains no double bonds between carbon atoms, and is typically found in animal fats
Saturated fats
300
The specific three-dimensional shape of a protein is largely determined by interactions like hydrogen bonds, ionic bonds, and disulfide bridges at this structural level
Tertiary structure
400
This organelle is composed of two subunits, lacks a membrane, and is responsible for synthesizing polypeptides by translating mRNA
Ribosomes
400
This organelle is used for locomotion in both prokaryotes and some eukaryotes, but it has a simpler structure in prokaryotes
Flagellum
400
The two types of polymers found in starch.
Amylose & amylopectin
400
This type of reaction joins three fatty acids to a glycerol molecule to form a triglyceride, producing water as a byproduct
Dehydration synthesis (condensation reaction)
400
What are the names of two of the types of folding in secondary structure of proteins?
α-helix & β-sheet
500
Which organelle is in the following micrograph
Golgi body (apparatus)
500
What is different about the cell walls of prokaryotes as opposed to eukaryotes?
Prokaryotic cell walls are made of peptidoglycan, eukaryotes are made of cellulose or chitin.
500
Draw the dehydration synthesis reaction between two glucose monomers.
500
What is the major difference between a triglyceride & a phospholipid
One fatty acid molecule in a triglyceride is replaced with a phosphate group
500
If there is a mutation in DNA that causes a change in amino acid sequence, which protein structure will be affected first?
Primary structure