Language Change Data
A collection of writing from a given language
What is a Corpus?
This theory states that languages develop words at random, with no set intervals or conditions that specifically lead to word use
What is random fluctuation theory?
any word that was only used in older writings
What is an Archaism?
This event in 1066 marked the end of the Norman conquest of England
What is the battle of Hastings?
the three main processes that can occur in language change
what are the Lexical, Semantic, and Grammatical processes?
A graph showing the use of a word within a corpus, over a given timespan
This model, proposed by C.J. Bailey, states that language is like a wave, taking items from a beach and leaving behind new items
What is the Wave model?
The use of an extra "e" at the end of certain words
What is a terminal e?
This machine helped lead to an increase of reading, by making it easier to create books
What is the printing press?
A process in which new morphemes are added to a word, or its class is changed to create new meaning
what is the Grammatical process?
A chart showing the words used before and after a given word
What is a collocate chart?
This theory states that language users will create new words when there is a need to do so in their language, such as a lexical gap
What is Functional theory?
the period of time which saw English writing and art devlop at a faster pace than ever before seen
What is the English Renaissance
This controversy was sparked by the overuse of loan words in writing during the English Renaissance, and is named after the expensive item that certain intellectual writers owned
what is the Inkhorn controversy?
A process in which new words are formed from existing words
what is the Lexical process?
The vocabulary of a language
What is a lexicon?
This model, propsed by Chen, shows how word use changes over a span of time
What is the S-curve model?
use of the same consonant more than once in a word, such as in "stopp"
what is a double consonant?
This event led to the creation of the church of England, and spelled the end of Latin in English chruches
What is the Protestant Reformation?
When a word changes meaning in a language
what is a Semantic process?
a four-part model that shows how a word enters a given language
What is the PIDC model?
This theory states that as languages interact with each other, certain words are gained or lost between the interacting groups
What is Substratum theory?
for example, the phrase "I didn't do nothing"
what is a double negative?
This story, by author Chaucer, is considered one of the first English stories written
What is The Canteburry Tales?
A word that is newly added to a language
what is a neologism?