Practical Skills
This type of variable is manipulated in an experiment to observe its effect on the dependent variable
What is an independent variable?
Name one of the seven continents.
What is Africa, Asia, North America, South America, Europe, Antarctica, or Australia?
In solids, the arrangement of particles leads to this state of matter being rigid and dense.
What is a solid?
This is the process by which a solute dissolves in a solvent, typically measured in parts per thousand (ppt).
What is salinity?
This formula represents the relationship between mass, volume, and density.
What is density = mass/volume?
This is the term for the variable that is measured in an experiment
What is a dependent variable?
Identify one of the five oceans.
What is the Atlantic, Pacific, Arctic, Southern, or Indian Ocean?
This type of bond occurs when atoms share electrons, such as in H₂O.
What is a covalent bond?
This substance is known as the universal solvent due to its ability to dissolve many solutes.
What is water?
Ice floats on seawater because it has this property in comparison.
What is lower density?
In scientific experiments, you need to ensure this variable remains constant to maintain the integrity of the experiment
What is a control variable?
These are the six layers of the ocean, starting from the surface downwards.
What are the Epipelagic, Mesopelagic, Bathypelagic, Abyssopelagic, Hadopelagic, and Benthopelagic?
This type of bond forms between atoms that cannot share electrons, resulting in positively and negatively charged ions
What is an ionic bond?
This factor increases the solubility of salts in water by providing more kinetic energy for molecular interactions.
What is temperature?
This term refers to the layer of the ocean where density changes rapidly due to variations in salinity and temperature.
What is the pycnocline?
This is a necessary step in experiments that involves performing the experiment multiple times to ensure reliability
What is replication?
This graphing technique helps identify trends and patterns in data over time.
What is a line graph?
This is the chemical formula for sodium chloride.
What is NaCl?
This measure determines how acidic or basic a solution is based on hydrogen ion concentration.
What is the pH scale?
What is the term for the layer in the ocean where salinity changes rapidly with depth?
Halocline
This is a crucial part of any experiment, often included to ensure the safety of participants.
What are safety precautions?
On a graph, this term describes the vertical axis.
What is the y-axis?
These types of bonds, while weaker than covalent bonds, play a significant role in the properties of water.
What are hydrogen bonds?
This phenomenon occurs when freshwater runoff reduces the salinity of seawater.
What is freshwater runoff?
What is the layer in the ocean where temperature decreases with depth, causing density to change?
Thermocline