Research Methods
What are 3 sampling methods?
1. Volunteer sampling
2. Opportunity sampling
3. Random sampling
What was the sample used for the Canli study?
10 right- handed healthy females
What is the aim of the Andrade study?
Whether doodling assisted in processing information, perhaps by enabling people to attend more effectively or by enhancing their memory.
Describe the sample used for the Bandura study?
72 children aged 3 to 6 years. 36 were boys and 36 were girls. They were also from Stanford University nursery school.
What is the aim of the Yamamoto study?
The aim was to learn more about helping behavior in chimpanzees.
What is informed consent?
Knowing enough about a study to decide whether you want to agree to participate.
What machine did they use on the participants in the Canli study?
fMRI scanner
What psychology is being investigated in the Baron-Cohen study?
- Theory of Mind
- Psychometric Testing
- Validity: Is it really testing Theory of Mind?
What was the research method used in the Bandura study?
Independent measures
Describe the sample of the Yamamoto study?
5 chimpanzees that have been part of previous studies.
What are 2 techniques that self-reports use?
1. Questionnaire
2. Interview
What is a stooge?
A person who appears to be another participant or someone not related to the study.
Describe the sample used for the Laney study?
All 128 P’s were undergraduates students at the University of California who received course credit for their time. Sample consisted of 99 Females and 29 males who had a mean age of 20.8 years old
Describe the sample used for Saavedra and Silverman?
A 9 year old Hispanic American boy. Who has a phobia of buttons.
Describe the sample size of the Piliavin study?
The sample size is approximately 4500 passengers in a New York train station.
What is an independent variable?
It something that is under investigation in an experiment which is manipulated and is responsible for changes in the dependent variable.
Describe the sample used in the Schachter and Singer?
They are 185 male college students taking classes in introductory psychology at the University of Minnesota.
How were Ps allocated to their conditions in the Laney study?
P’s randomly allocated to their group
Name a conclusion from the Saavedra and Silverman?
1. Emotions and cognitions relating to disgust are important when learning new responses to phobic stimuli.
2. Imagery exposure can have a long term effect on reducing the distress associated with specific phobias as it takes negative evaluation.
What is the aim of the Milgram study?
To investigate how obedient individuals would be to orders received from a person in authority. The conducted this in the lab of Yale University where they got the 40 men and tested them on whether they will be obedient towards the one in authority or follow their conscious.
What are 3 experimental designs?
1. Independent measures
2. Repeated measures
3. Matched pairs
What is the sample used for Dement and Kleitman?
7 male and 2 female adults were used, five of whom were studied in detail. While the remaining 4 were used to confirm the results of the first 5.
Describe the sample used in the Andrade study?
40 members of a participant panel at the Medical Research Council unit for cognitive research. Age 18 - 55.
What is the aim of the Pepperberg study?
The aim of this study was to see whether a parrot could use vocal labels to demonstrate a symbolic understanding of the concepts ‘same’ and ‘different’.
One of the conclusions of the Milgram study?
That concluded that individuals are much more obedient to authority than we might reasonably expect. This seems to be true for the majority of people.