Experiments and Variables
An experiment in a controlled setting.
What is a Lab Experiment?
Separate groups are used for each IV
What is Independent Measures Design?
Keeping all parts of the procedure the same for everyone.
What is Standardization?
The participants willingly join (Ex. ads)
What is Volunteer Sampling?
Participants can leave the experiment at any time.
The variable being manipulated in an experiment
What is Independent Variable?
Everyone participates in all IV levels
What is Repeated Measures Design?
The extent to which the findings/results apply.
What is Generalisability?
Using available participants (Ex. those in a specific classroom)
What is Opportunity Sampling?
Personal information should not be released to anyone outside the study.
What is Confidentiality?
An individual difference in a participant, such as age.
What is a Participant Variable?
The variable being tested in a experiment
What is Independent Variable?
Features of an experiment that give away the aims.
What are Demand Characteristics?
Free-response questions that collect qualitative data.
What are Open Questions?
Participants should be told the true aims and details of the study.
What is Debriefing?
An experiment in a natural setting.
What is a Field Experiment?
Similar participants are put together
What is Matched Pairs Design?
The extent to which the researcher is testing what they should be.
What is Validity?
Limited-response questions that collect quantitative data. (Ex. Multiple-choice)
What are Closed Questions?
Participants should not be exposed to abnormal risk/personal injury.
What is physical/psychological harm?
Not a true experiment, since IV levels cannot be manipulated. (Ex. Attention on dull and bright days vs classroom lighting)
What is a Natural Experiment?
A variable that cannot be controlled. (Ex. weather)
What is a Confounding Variable?
The extent to which an experiment is consistent.
What is Reliability?
Using random people (Ex. Stopping passerby on the street)
What is Random Sampling?
Participants are fully aware of the true parts of the experiment and are okay with taking part.
What is Informed Consent?