Road to the Civil War
What was the first battle of the Civil War?
Name 2 advantages that the North had over the South at the start of the war
Larger population
Government already in place
Larger navy
More manufacturing capability
More miles of railroad
Other answers may be accepted...
The EP did not officially abolish slavery in the U.S. What did?
The 13th amendment
Who were the "Copperheads"?
Northern Democrats (Peace Democrats) who opposed the war and advocated for an immediate negotiated settlement with the Confederacy.
Devised by General Winfield Scott, what was the name of the Union's long-term strategy to blockade Southern ports and control the Mississippi River?
The Anaconda Plan
This man became the commander of the Union forces by the end of the war. He would go on to become president after the war. He can be found on the $50 bill.
Ulysses S Grant
Which Supreme Court decision in 1857 ruled that Congress had no authority to prohibit slavery in federal territories, effectively declaring the Missouri Compromise unconstitutional?
Dred Scott v. Sandford.
Name 2 advantages that the South had over the North at the start of the war
Population more familiar with firearms
Knowledge of terrain
Fighting a defensive war
Fighting for independence
More skilled generals (debatable)
Other answers may be accepted.
Why did the EP effectively prevent Great Britain and France from joining the war on the Confederate side?
It made the Union anti-slavery, meaning GB and France would be supporting slavery. They did not want to take that position.
When this is imposed, civil courts are replaced by military courts and civil liberties are often limited in order to maintain military power in an area.
Martial law
This 1863 battle resulted in a Union victory and is widely considered to be the turning point of the war.
The Battle of Gettysburg
This was the Confederacy's most celebrated general. He led the Army of Northern Virigina.
Robert E Lee
Which was the first state to secede from the Union in December 1860?
South Carolina
Why were Maryland, Delaware, Kentucky, and Missouri important during the Civil War?
They were the slave states that bordered the free states (Border states) and remained in the Union.
Lincoln used force to make sure they stayed in the Union even though populations were very divided about secession.
The EP changed the Union's war aims (goals) to include fighting against slavery. What was the Union's main goal before the EP?
Preserve the Union
Controversially, Lincoln suspended this in many parts of the U.S., a legal provision which limits the time someone can be held by authorities without being charged. It is a key judicial defense against arbitrary arrest.
The writ of habeas corpus
While the Union did not want to damage the South too much at the beginning of the war, by the end they were engaging in total war (victory at all costs). What was the name of the strategy of burning resources such as food and shelter to devastate civilian communities and encourage surrender?
Scorched Earth
This Union general was eventually replaced because he proved to be hesitant and indecisive. After his victory at Antietam, he did not pursue the enemy because he believed them to be stronger than they actually were.
George McClellan
The "Crime against Kansas" speech and the subsequent caning of Charles Sumner occurred during the debates over which 1854 legislative act?
The Kansas-Nebraska Act.
The Confederacy did not last long enough to hold a democratic election. The Union did not suspend the democratic process and held an election in 1864. Who did Lincoln defeat in that election?
Who was freed by the Emancipation Proclamation?
Slaves in rebelling states
Slaves in the Union states were not legally affected.
This man was a prominent Copperhead who supported Southern independence and discouraged Northerners from joining the Union army. When Lincoln arrested him for giving an anti-Union speech, it was seen as controversial.
Clement Vallandigham
Which 1861 diplomatic incident involving the seizure of Confederate diplomats from a British mail ship nearly brought Great Britain into the war against the Union?
The Trent Affair.
This was the president of the Confederate States of America.
Jefferson Davis
In the Election of 1860, the Democratic Party split into two factions. Who was the candidate for the Southern Democrats, and who ran for the Northern Democrats?
John C. Breckinridge (Southern) and Stephen A. Douglas (Northern).
Technically, the CSA could fight a defensive war, as it was the Union who needed to conquer the them and not the other way around. Why did the CSA need to invade the North instead of simply defending their territory?
The Union had imposed a naval blockade that was sapping the South of resources. It could not hold out forever and needed to win/end the war soon.
The EP was released in two parts: The first part in September 1862 and the second part taking effect in January 1, 1863. What were rebelling states given the opportunity to do in those three months?
Rejoin the Union and keep their slaves.
This man was arrested in Maryland for destroying train tracks, preventing Union troops from reaching Washington, D.C. When Chief Justice Taney told Lincoln he could arrest him, Lincoln ignored the courts.
John Merryman
While the Battle of Gettysburg is often cited as the turning point in the East, which Union victory concluded on the exact same weekend (July 4, 1863) and secured control of the Mississippi River?
The Battle of Vicksburg
This Union general did not become president after the war, but was a very successful military strategist that helped bring the CSA to surrender by burning farms and communities in his 'March to the Sea' through Georgia.
William T. Sherman