Fallacies
When someone attacks a person's character instead of addressing their claim.
What is an Ad hominem?
An advertisement states "9 out of 10 people use this shampoo."
What is popular appeal?
A person only reads news that supports their existing political beliefs.
What is confirmation bias?
In the movie Back to the Future, Marty argues that changing events in 1955 could completely alter the future. This reasoning compares small actions to huge consequences over time.
What is an analogy?
3, 6, 12, 24,... is an example of this type of logic problem.
What is a pattern?
Kevin O'Leary Saying people protesting his data center in Utah aren't Utah citizens.
What is no true Scotsman fallacy?
People rush to buy a new brand after videos featuring a influencer go viral on TikTok, with millions saying, “Everyone is wearing this now!”
What is an appeal to popularity?
After hearing about a plane crash on the news, some people believe flying is more dangerous than driving.
What is the availability bias?
A neighbor stated "my grocery bill doubled this year, so the economy is terrible for everyone."
What is an anecdote?
This logic puzzle writes time for a train departing at 13:45 and arriving 2 hours 35 minutes later.
What is a 24-hour clock?
When asked why he shouldn’t get in trouble for copying answers, a student says, “I wasn’t cheating—I was just helping myself succeed. And helping people is good.”
What is an Equivocation?
When a billionaire argues that towns should have data centers in for future growth.
What is an appeal to innovation?
An investor refuses to sell a failing stock because they already spent to much on it.
What is the sunk cost fallacy?
In Indiana Jones and the Raiders of the Lost Ark, Belloq argues that the Ark belongs in a museum where it can be studied, while Indiana argues it is too dangerous to misuse. Belloq’s point is an example of this argument element.
What is a counterargument?
A = 1, B = 2, C = 3, ...
What is a code?
After wearing a new shirt, a student does bad on a test after learning about their score the student believes that their shirt gave them bad luck
What is an Post hoc fallacy?
After seeing emotional interviews about online bullying, viewers are persuaded to support stricter social media rules mainly because they feel sympathy and concern.
What is an appeal to emotion?
A teacher assumes a student will perform poorly because their older sibling struggled in class.
What is stereotyping?
In the movie Dune, House Atreides believes accepting control of Arrakis will strengthen their power. Their reasoning depends on an idea that is never directly stated: that the Emperor can be trusted.
What is an unstated assumption?
Two cities are represented on a map in one measurement that extrapolates to another (e.g. 1 cm = 5 km)
What is a map scale?
Someone believes it is necessary to answer every question on the AICE thinking skills exam in order to pass.
What is Confusing necessary and sufficient condition?
A movie fan argues that the original films are automatically better because “classic movies should never be changed.”
What is an appeal to tradition?
A hiring manager favors applicants who attended the same college they did.
What is affinity bias?
A climate activist presents rising global temperature data, satellite images, and scientific studies to support a claim about climate change. These supporting facts are known as this argument element.
What is evidence?
A soccer match begins at 18:47. Th event lasts 2 hours and 38 minutes. This calculation would be used to determine the end time.
What is base-60 calculations?