Air Pollution
More Air Pollution
Ways to Reduce Air Pollution 1
Ways to Reduce Air Pollution 2
Random
100
Identify a piece of legislation that regulates emissions of sulfur dioxide.
Clean Air Act
100
The pollutant least likely emitted from a smokestack would be
a. carbon monoxide
b. carbon dioxide
c. ozone
d. sulfur dioxide
c. ozone
100
Identify the device pictured below and describe its function. Include three reactants and three products in your description.
catalytic converter - which converts harmful substances, like CO, NOx, and HC in exhaust gases from cars into less harmful substances like CO2, H2O, and N2
100
Identify the device pictured below and describe its function.
vapor recovery nozzle - prevents VOCs from escaping into the atmosphere while a person is fueling their vehicle
100
Category: Human Anatomy
You hurt your buccinator. What did you hurt?
a. your leg
b. your back
c. your shoulder
d. your face
d. your face
200
Name a product formed during from a chemical reaction in a scrubber that contains sulfur. Provide either the chemical name or formula.
Calcium sulfite (CaSO3)
Calcium sulfate (CaSO4)
CaCO3+SO2→CaSO3+CO2
2CaSO3+O2→2CaSO4
200
In the mesosphere...
a. Temperature increases with altitude
b. Temperature decreases with altitude
c. The ozone layer protects the earth from harmful UV rays
d. Thermal inversion sometimes occurs.
b. Temperature decreases with altitude
200
Describe one potential environmental advantage of replacing a coal‐fired power plant with a natural‐gas power plant.
• Natural gas combustion emits fewer greenhouse gases/less CO2.
• Natural gas combustion does not emit mercury/lead/cadmium/uranium.
• Natural gas combustion emits less NOx/SOx/reduces acid precipitation.
• Natural gas combustion produces less/no particulate matter/soot/smog.
• Transport of natural gas destroys/fragments less habitat or requires less fossil fuel use than transport of coal.
• Habitat destruction due to the impoundment of coal ash or coal slurry is negated.
• Coal extraction destroys habitat by strip mining or mountaintop removal.
200
Small particulate matter can accumulate as an indoor air pollutant, and when inhaled, it can damage the heart and lungs. Identify ways the danger from particulate matter can be reduced in the home.
Select all that apply.
a. Change filters on heating and cooling systems according to manufacturer's directions
b. Use exhaust vents to move air outside while cooking
c. Use unvented stoves and fireplaces to prevent outdoor particulate matter from entering the home
a. Change filters on heating and cooling systems according to manufacturer's directions - Filters are effective at capturing particulates and removing them from the air.
b. Use exhaust vents to move air outside while cooking - Exhaust vents capture and release particulates outside of the home. They should be used to remove particulates that can accumulate when cooking on a stove.
Why not c? Unvented stoves and fireplaces can capture indoor particulate matter within the home. They should never be used in enclosed spaces.
200
Category: Flags
Which country's flag is shown below
Laos
300
Thermal inversion occurs when a layer of warm air forms over a layer of cool air. Which of the following are characteristics of thermal inversion?
Choose 2 answers:
a. Low-speed winds blow through the region.
b. In high-altitude areas, the inversion lasts longer.
c. The region experiences dense ground fog.
d. There is very dry air and no dew.
a. Low-speed winds blow through the region. - During thermal inversion, ground heat is released into the air by radiation. As a result, air rises at a steady rate, leading to calm winds.
c. The region experiences dense ground fog - Thermal inversions occur when the normal heat gradient is inverted. This causes the air near the ground to cool and form dense fog.
Colder air is less able to hold water vapor than warm air. This forces water vapor in the air around cooling objects to condense.
300
Refer to Figure 42.4. Which air pollutant had the largest decrease in the US between 1990 and 2015? Explain why.
Lead - It is no longer added to gasoline. Regulations that prohibit leaded gasoline have caused lead concentrations in the atmosphere to drop substantially. The Clean Air Act mandated that lead no longer be added to gasoline.
300
Unit 1 Review - The __________ is a region of water where sunlight does not reach.
profundal zone
300
Describe how an electrostatic precipitator works.
Particles are given a negative charge. This causes them to be attracted to a positively charged plate, where they are held. Periodically, the particles are removed from the plate and collected for disposal.
300
Category: Food
Name the food pictured below.
Artichoke
400
Which of the following would be the strongest evidence in support of a scientist's contention that a local area was experiencing acid deposition?
a. a gradual increase in the temperature of a local lake
b. an increase in the rate of photosynthesis of aquatic plants in a local lake
c. a long-term increase in the pH of a local pond
d. an increase in the concentrations of soluble heavy metals in a local pond
d. an increase in the concentrations of soluble heavy metals in a local pond
400
Unit 4 Review Question! Draw a simple diagram showing the formation of a volcanic island arc. Use arrows to show the direction of plate movement. Label the younger crust and the older crust. Label one other geologic formation that is found here.
older crust subducts
400
Research has shown that hospital admissions for cardiovascular problems increase 1% with every 10% increase in PM2.5 concentration. A city experienced a 23% increase in PM2.5 concentration and had 7,390 hospital admissions for cardiovascular issues over a one-year period. Calculate the anticipated increase in the number of hospital admissions for cardiovascular issues during the next year if the PM2.5 concentration continues to rise at an identical rate. Show your work.
(0.23/0.10) * 0.01 * 7,390 admissions = 169 or 170 more admissions
400
Scrubbers use liquids or dry, absorptive materials to reduce pollution at the source in many industrial processes.
Which of the following are the best ways to promote the use of scrubbers?
Select all that apply.
a. Increase awareness of the cost savings that scrubbers have on labor and clean up, which can enhance revenue
b. Change the kinds of scrubbers that are allowed to meet requirements
c. Move away from fuels that cause pollution in industrial processes
d. Enforce and expand restrictions on the amount of pollutants that can be released into the atmosphere
a. Increase awareness of the cost savings that scrubbers have on labor and clean up, which can enhance revenue - While scrubbers have high costs upfront, they often lead to less labor in cleaning and upkeep as less pollutants collect in the factories
d. Enforce and expand restrictions on the amount of pollutants that can be released into the atmosphere - Enforcement of the restrictions on the level of pollutants released by industrial plants would force industrial plants to install and upkeep scrubbers in order to continue running
Why not b and c?
b - Changing scrubbers would not necessarily lead to increased use of scrubbers
c - While moving away from these fuels would decrease pollution at the source, this would not promote the use of scrubbers
400
Category: Fish
Which fish spends more time walking than swimming?
a. Ratfish
b. Toadfish
c. Batfish
d. Cowfish
500
Write out two chemical reactions (word equations are fine) showing how acid rain forms. Each reaction must include specific names of chemicals one primary pollutant.
sulfur dioxide + water --> sulfurous acid
sulfurous acid + atmospheric oxygen --> sulfuric acid
nitrogen dioxide + water --> nitrous acid + nitric acid
500
Draw a simple diagram showing how radon gets into homes and causes lung cancer.
radon from the soil seeps into homes through cracks/ windows
when breathed in, radon can undergo alpha decay and the alpha particles penetrate lung tissue, damage the DNA, and cause lung cancer
500
You just found out that your home has high levels of asbestos. In a few sentences, describe what you should do to protect yourself from the high levels of asbestos and why. Discuss the dangers of living in a home with asbestos.
Hire trained professionals with PPE to remove asbestos.
If asbestos fibers are inhaled, this can scar lung tissue and lead to lung cancer.
500
Describe two reasons children under the age of five are at a greater risk than adults for illnesses linked to household air pollutants.
• Children have an underdeveloped or less-developed immune systems leading to a greater risk of illness following exposure.
• Children have a lower body mass leading to a higher relative dose of air pollution.
• Children spend more time indoors leading to higher exposure to air pollution.
• Children have smaller respiratory systems (narrow airways) so mild inflammation may cause more severe respiratory distress.
500
Category: Geography
What is the only US state whose name is just one syllable?
Maine
