Ventilation
Airway Anatomy
Advanced Airway
Capnography
Terms
100
What is the primary purpose of respiratory ventilation?
To eliminate the body's build up of CO2.
100
What is the anatomical structure of the upper airway which is more commonly known as the throat?
The Pharynx
100
This device indicates proper endotracheal tube placement by changing colors from purple to yellow.
Colorimetric End Tidal CO2 Detector
100

Capnography is known as the ____ standard in intubation confirmation.

GOLD

100

What are the receptors that monitor the levels of O2, CO2, and pH of the CSF?

Chemoreceptors

200
The stoppage of inspiration is caused by the____ reflex?
Hering-Bruer reflex
200
What is the space in between the vocal cords, and the narrowest portion of the adult airway, known as?
The Glottis or glottic opening
200

What supraglottic device can be inserted blindly, and is sized by patient weight. This does not require air to be placed in the device. 

I-gel 

200
Capnography is the measurement of______ during exhalation.
Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
200
What term references difficulty breathing?
Dyspnea
300
What is the difference between Alveolar Volume and Tidal Volume?
Alveolar Volume is Tidal Volume minus the dead space air.
300
What is the complex structure that marks where the upper airway ends and the lower airway begins?
The Larynx
300

During endotracheal intubations when the true vocal cords are not directly visible, what landmarks posterior to the glottis can be used to aid in tube placement?

The Arytenoid Cartilages and/ or the Inter-Arytenoid Notch.

300
What instrument shows the numeric measurement of CO2?
Capnometer
300
During times of respiratory distress what muscles are used to aid breathing?
Accessory Muscles, Intercostal Muscles
400
What is the primary purpose of CPAP?
To prevent the collapse of Alveoli and to decrease the potential for atelectasis.
400
What is the anatomical site for emergency surgical and nonsurgical access to the airway (cricothyrotomy)?
Cricothyroid Membrane
400

What size et tube would be preferred for a 4 year old

5

Age +16/ 4

400
What is the normal range of End Tidal CO2?
35-45 mmHg
400
The amount of air that you can exhale following a normal exhalation, the average volume is about 1,200 ml.
Expiratory Reserve Volume
500
What is the relationship between Compliance and Resistance?
As lung resistance increases, lung compliance decreases causing a greater ventilatory difficulty.
500
In children under 10 years old, where is the narrowest portion of the airway?
The Cricoid Cartilage
500

What formula can be used to determine correct tube depth. 

Tube size x 3. 

500
What type of capnogram shows obstructed exhalation due to bronchoconstriction?
Sharks-fin pattern
500
Breathing patterns with gradually increasing rate and depth followed by a gradual decrease with intermittent periods of apnea and is associated with brainstem insult.
Cheyne-Stokes Respirations
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