Hip-Structure
What are the bones of the pelvic girdle?
Ilium
Ischium
Pubis
What muscles are prime agonists of hip flexion?
iliopsoas
rectus femoris
sartorius
pectineus
Identify the bones & articulations that form the 'knee' joint
Femur & tibia - tibiofemoral articulations
Patella & femur - patellofemoral articulation
Tibia & fibula - proximal tibiofibular articulation
How many bones are found in the wrist and hand?
29 total
Radius & ulna (2)
Carpals (8)
Metacarpals (5)
Phalangeal (14)
What articulation of the hand permits opposition?
Carpometacarpal joint of digit 1
Identify and classify the articulations of the 'hip.'
Sacroiliac (2) - Amphiarthrotic
Pubic Symphysis - Amphiarthrotic
Acetabulofemoral (2) - Diarthrotic
What are the prime agonists of hip extension?
Gluteus maximus
Biceps femoris
Semimembranosus
Semitendinosus
What are two functions of the patella?
Protect knee
Provide mechanical advantage for quadriceps
What structures form the carpal tunnel?
carpals & flexor retinaculum
How are the metacarpophalangeal joints of digits 2-5 classified?
condyloid
What are functions of the acetabulofemoral labrum?
1. Deepen the socket to enhance stability
2. Absorb forces acting at joint
What muscles are prime agonists of hip internal rotation?
Gluteus medius (anterior fibers)
Gluteus minimus (anterior fibers)
Semimembranosus
Semitendinosus
What are functions of the menisci?
Deepen articulation
Improve fit
Decrease stress
Provide proprioceptive information
Identify and classify articulations at the 'wrist.'
Radiocarpal - Condyloid
Intercarpal - Gliding
(distal radioulnar in the vicinity)
What movement occurs when the ring and little finger (digits 4 & 5) move medially toward the ulna?
metacarpophalangeal abduction
Identify and classify as intra- or extra-articular the ligaments of the hip.
Extra-articular
Iliofemoral (Y)
Pubofemoral
Ischiofemoral
Intra-articular
Teres ligament
Which muscles are prime agonists of hip external rotation?
Gluteus maximus
Gluteus medius (posterior fibers)
Gluteus minimus (posterior fibers)
Biceps femoris
External rotators (6 muscles including gemelli, obturator, piriformis muscles)
What is plica?
An anatomical variant in some people presenting as folds of the synovial membrane that insert into the infrapatellar fat pad.
What is the common proximal attachment for radiocarpal flexors and extensors, respectively?
Medial humeral epicondyle (flexors)
FCU also on ulna
Lateral humeral epicondyle (extensors)
ECU also on ulna
What nerve passes through the capal tunnel?
median nerve
What movements are possible at the acetabulofemoral articulation?
Flexion & extension
Abduction & adduction (frontal, diagonal, transverse)
Internal and external rotation
What are the prime agonists of hip abduction?
How are these muscles involved in locomotion?
Gluteus medius, Gluteus minimus, TFL
Gluteals prevent Trendelenburg gait during stance
TFL brings foot forward in correct plane during swing for proper placement
Define the screw home mechanism from an open chain perspective and identify the muscle(s) that acts as the prime agonist for this movement.
External rotation of the tibia WRT the femur as the knee moves into full extension.
Biceps femoris is the prime agonist.
What are the carpals, identified by moving radial to ulnar side and proximal row to distal row?
scaphoid
lunate
triquetrum
pisiform
trapezium
trapezoid
capitate
hamate
What carpals are affected in a broken and dislocated wrist?
scaphoid (broken)
lunate (dislocated)