AKI
RIFLE classification R-risk, I-injury, F-failure, L-loss, E- end stage renal failure
What is stages of AKI?
The most serious electrolyte disorder in CKD, is shown on an EKG by high peak T waves, emergent dialysis is needed when values reach 7-8
What is Hyperkalemia?
Normal Na value
What is 136-145?
Solution used in dialysis to move fluid back and forth between the blood and dialysate- osmotic force.
What is glucose?
After kidney transplant the recipient produces as high as 1L/hr, patients urine output is replaced with fluids at a specific ratio for the first 24 hours post transplant.
What is mL for mL per hour?
Urinary output < 400 mL/day, occurs within 7 days of injury, lasts for 10-14 days. s/s include neck vein distention, edema, HTN, kussmaul respirations & hyperkalemia
What is oliguric phase of AKI?
Urea that crystalizes on skin, develops with BUN > 200
What is uremic frost?
Normal K value
What is 3.5-5?
Phase of peritoneal dialysis AKA equilibrium phase, this phase is the time that the fluid stays in the abdomen, if done manually (by gravity) it takes 20-30 minutes.
What is dwell phase?
Needed prior to kidney transplant whether donor is deceased or alive
What is consent?
Factors that reduce systemic circulation causing a reduction in renal blood flow leading to decreased glomerular perfusion and filtration of the kidneys but no damage to kidney tissue. Factors include: severe dehydration, HF, decreased CO.
What is prerenal causes of AKI?
Produces RBCs to increase H&H values, given subq to patients with CKD when their kidneys are unable to produce hormone for RBC formation. BP needs to be monitored closely as med will cause HTN.
What is Epogen?
Normal GFR value
What is 125?
Requires vascular access via AV fistula and graft, takes 6 weeks to months to mature, unable to use fistula for a least 3 months after being created.
What is hemodialysis (HD)?
May happen after a kidney transplant if "cold time" of kidney is > than 72 hours from a deceased donor.
What is acute tubular necrosis (ATN)?
Medication used to decrease dangerously high levels of K by osmotic laxative action to decrease risk of dysrhythmias.
What is sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate)?
As kidney function deteriorates vitamin D and Ca levels decrease and phosphorus levels increase resulting in this disorder.
What is CKD-MBD (Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder)?
Normal Creatinine value & normal BUN value
What is 0.6-1.2 & 10-20?
Constant therapy (done over 24 hours) that removes fluid and solutes, requires replacement fluid, does not require dialysate.
What is continuous venovenous hemofiltration (CVVH)?
Occurs when GFR < 15 mL/min, dialysis or transplant is needed to retain life.
What is ESRD (End Stage Renal Disease)?
Daily urine output is 1-3 L but may reach 5 L or more, during this phase need to monitor for hyponatremia, hypokalemia, and dehydration. Lasts 1-3 weeks, ABGs and electrolytes start to stabilize.
What is diuretic phase?
CKD patients are placed on specific medications (classification) to decrease proteinuria to delay CKD progression.
What is ACE inhibitors (lisinopril, captopril)?
Normal Hgb for Male & female AND normal HCT for male & female
What is 14-18 male HgB, 12-16 female HgB AND what is 42-52 male Hct, 37-47 female Hct?
Prescribed amount of solution infused into abdomen through established catheter over about 10 minutes.
What is inflow phase?
Results from kidneys' impaired ability to excrete acid and defective reabsorption & regeneration of HCO3. Plasma HCO3 level usually falls to approx 16-20.
What is metabolic acidosis?