Language
Knowledge of phonology
What's the knowledge of the sound system of a language (what sounds and sound combinations are possible, what happens in fast speech, etc.)?
The Critical Period Hypothesis
What's the hypothesis that predicts that language learning abilities declines after puberty?
Overgeneralization
What's the process in which learners apply a rule beyond the contexts where they should apply?
Grammar-translation
What's a teaching method in which the emphasis is on translating written text between the L1 and the L2 and learning about L2 grammar rules?
Learner-centered teaching
What teaching approach involves learners' decisions and choice regarding:
- what to learn
- how to learn it
- how to be assessed?
Knowledge of semantics
What's the knowledge about word meanings in a language?
Interlanguage
What's an evolving language system created by a learner as they learn a new language?
Fossilization/Stabilization
What's the term for when a learner's language will not change despite further instruction or exposure?
Audio-lingual
What's the name of the teaching method motivated by behaviorism and in which repetition drills are emphasized?
Experiential language learning
What's the teaching approach in which learners
- experience the world
- reflect on and discuss the experience
- generalize based on their experience
- apply that knowledge in new situation?
Knowledge of morphology
What's the knowledge of how words are formed from parts?
Children's L1 learning (3 characteristics)
What is predictable, usage-based, and creative?
Marked features
What is the term for language features that are
Less frequently used
More complex
Late acquisition
Occurs in fewer languages?
Communicative language teaching
What's the name of the teaching method in which authentic tasks and materials are emphasized, with the goal of developing communicative competence?
Language learning in the wild
What's language learning outside of the classroom such as in service encounters, service learning, cooking classes, virtual reality, etc.?
Morpheme
What's the minimal meaningful lexical unit?
Avoidance
What's the term for when a learner chooses not to use a target form, usually due to difficulty, and therefore does not reveal a gap in their knowledge?
What is the Markedness Differentiation Hypothesis?
What is the hypothesis that predicts that the degrees of markedness = degree of difficulty?
Unmarked forms are learned before marked forms
Learners are less likely to transfer marked features
Task-based language teaching
What's the name of the CLT method in which learners do authentic tasks in order to learn language?
Lexical Approach
What's the teaching approach that focuses on building vocabulary and formulaic expressions?
Knowledge of syntax
What's the knowledge of what sentences are possible and not possible, and how to create infinite number of sentences based on rules?
Transfer/Cross-linguistic interference
What's the influence of previously learned languages on the learning of a new language?
Which aspects of language are learned in developmental sequences/ acquisitional orders?
Content-based instruction (CBI)
What's the name of a CLT method in which learners learn the target language through content knowledge?
Knowledge of pragmatics
What's the knowledge of what sentences are appropriate and not appropriate in context of use?
Mean length of utterances
What's the measurement of morphological complexity in language learning?
Acculturation Hypothesis
What's the hypothesis that predicts a learners' success based on the degree to which they want to integrate into the target language's culture and community?