Overview of Pragmatics
Turn-taking
Topic initiation
Topic maintenance
Appropriate responses
Asking questions
Giving information
What is pragmatic competence?
The ability to understand the speaker's intended meaning
What is discourse?
Any form of communication. "A unit of language that conveys a message" (Ulatowska and Bond-Chapman, 1989)
T/F: Modifications of the communicative environment during discourse treatment are beneficial.
True!
Name a function of formulaic language.
- Structural support
- Semantic assistance
- Social bonding
Form, content and use align with which three elements of language?
Form - content - use
structure - semantics - pragmatics
List three skills that determine pragmatic competence.
- Use of knowledge about a person/topic that hasn't been implicitly stated at the moment
- Using context to give meaning to language
Briefly describe the PACE (Promoting Aphasic Communicative Effectiveness) treatment.
Recognizing that other treatment methods used by clinicians are somewhat limiting/restrictive, PACE promotes turn-taking, providing information, asking questions, etc. by patients/clients.
What is the basis of the psycholinguistic discourse analysis approach?
Focused on form. Based on the idea that there's a disruption in the linguistic rule system or access to modules within the individual. Recently, it's become focused on connected discourse.
Novel language production relies on an intact ________ ____ __________
cortical left hemisphere
What is the primary goal of all pragmatics treatment?
To improve functional communication!
Name two ways we can informally assess an individual's use of pragmatics.
Narrative analysis
Interviews
Behavioral observation
What are the four discourse genres?
Narrative
Procedural
Expository
Conversation
What is the basis of the sociolinguistic discourse analysis approach?
Focus on use. Based on the idea that language is a semantic unit that should be examined in context. This includes taking into account the situation and purpose of linguistic interaction(s), and people involved.
Name one way to informally assess formulaic language.
- Greetings/salutations
- Automatic speech/recitation (recite the pledge of alliegance, a prayer, etc.)
- Sentence completion with idioms ("It's raining cats and ____")
Name the four maxims of Grice's cooperative principle of conversations.
- Quality
- Quantity
- Relevance
- Manner
The ability to make __________ is an important element of pragmatic competence.
inferences
Discourse treatment provides remediation for ______________ ______ and _________ __________.
conversational skills and narrative production
Which type of analysis should ideally include videotaped interactions?
Sociolinguistic discourse analysis
In severe cases of aphasia (both receptive and expressive), name two of the simplest language forms that a clinician may try to elicit.
Counting
Reciting days of the week/months of the year
Sentence completion for common phrases
Producting greetings
Name one standardized assessment of pragmatic language competence.
The Communicative Abilities of Daily Living-2
The Functional Assessment of Communication Skills for Adults
The Awareness of Social Inference Test
What are the three approaches to assessment evolving from pragmatic theory?
- Rating scales
- Assessing inferential aspects of language
- Standardized pragmatic language assessments
SEMAAAAANTIC PROCESSINGGGG, THE TEMPORAL POOOOOOOOLE
On what principles is treatment for discourse based?
Experience-based neuroplasticity - discourse-level treatments with a social skills approach. Often computerized
What is the principle behind formulaic language being incorporated into therapy?
The idea is that treatment/training of right hemisphere and subcortical areas will facilitate the regaining of more complex structures that rely more on left hemisphere networks.