ß-lactams
A transpeptidase enzyme that recognizes D-Ala D-Ala and prevents peptidoglycan cross linking
What is Penicillin Binding Protein?
This class of antibiotic's MOA is to bind to DNA gyrase, and is bactericidal.
What are Fluoroquinolones (Ciprofloxacin)?
TMP-SMX routes of delivery
What are IV and PO?
Penicillins have a short/long half life.
What is short?
This lists the antibiotics that were tested for activity against the bug in the patient, the exact MIC, and CLSI interpretation.
What are Susceptibility Reports
This is an Aminopenicillin that can be given orally or intravenously
What is Ampicillin?
Gentamicin, Tobramycin, and Amikacin belong to this class of antibiotics, whose MOA is to irreversibly bind to the 30S ribosomal subunit, thereby preventing protein synthesis initiation.
What are aminoglycosides
________ synthesis is inhibited by sulfonamides.
What is folic acid?
The lowest concentration of an antibiotic that prevents visible growth (unaided eye) of a bacteria after 18-24 hours of incubation
What is MIC? ...note difference from MBC
This is the chosen [ ] (mg/L) of an antibiotic which defines whether a species of bacteria is susceptible or resistant to the antibiotic.
What are susceptibility breakpoints?
This is a 1st generation Cephalosporin given IV, and is used for bacteremia and severe infections. It is associated to surgical prophylaxis.
What is Cefazolin?
Nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity are adverse effects of this class of antibiotics.
What are aminoglycosides?
This is a 30S inhibitor that is contraindicated for younger children because it causes tooth discoloration
What are tetracyclines?
Allergies, Age, Pregnancy, Renal and hepatic function, concomitant drug therapy, underlying disease states, and "cost".
What are patient-specific characteristics that need to be considered in antibiotic choice? lol
If the MIC is less than or equal to the susceptibility breakpoint then this antibiotic is S/I/R?
What is S, Susceptible?
Note: organism is most likely to be eradicated during treatment
This is a 3rd generation Cephalosporin that is good for Gram+ like Streptococcus and can be used for pneumonia, diabetic foot infections, Lyme disease, and community acquired GN infections.
What is Ceftriaxone?
This specific antibiotic is a quinolone that can be used for pneumonia, kidney infections, and to prevent anthrax. It comes in either tablet or solution form.
What is Levofloxacin?
Erythromycin, Azithromycin, and Clarithromycin belong to this group of antibiotics that binds to 50s and prevents transpeptidation.
Macrolides
These antibiotics have a lox Vd so they do not penetrate into deep tissues as effectively.
What are vancomycin and aminoglycosides?
This is a qualitative determination of the in vitro activity of an antibiotic
What is Kirby-Baur Disc Diffusion?
This is combined with ampicillin IV, and is a ß-lactamase Inhibitor
What is sulbactam
Tendon rupture, QTc prolongation, nausea/diarrhea
What are the adverse effects of fluoroquinolones?
An anti-pseudomonal penicillin.
What is Piperacillin?
Most ß-lactams require renal adjustment except these ...
What are oxacillin, nafcillin, and ceftriaxone
The three testing methods for susceptibility.
What are (1) broth dilution, (2) Kirby bauer), and (3) E-test?