Classical Argument method
Who originally developed the Classical Argument Method?
Aristotle
If you start with a general statement and apply it to a specific case to reach a conclusion, what type of reasoning are you using?
Deductive reasoning
What is a fallacy?
An error in reasoning
This bias might lead you to only seek out news sources that align with your existing beliefs.
Confirmation bias
Which section of the Classical Argument introduces the issue and explains its significance?
Introduction
It is also referred to as “cause-and-effect reasoning”, which type of reasoning it is?
Inductive reasoning
This fallacy involves attacking the person making an argument rather than the argument itself.
Ad Hominem
In a medical study, patients report feeling better after taking a sugar pill because they believe it’s real medication. This is an example of which effect?
Placebo effect
What is the purpose of the Proof (Confirmatio) section?
To provide evidence and justify your claims
“If the initial statement is true, then the conclusion must be true.” In which type of reasoning do we apply this statement?
Deductive reasoning
This fallacy appeals to popularity
This bias often appears in sports, where athletes credit wins to skill but blame losses on poor refereeing or bad weather.
Self-serving bias
What is the purpose of the Conclusion (Peroratio) in a Classical Argument?
To summarize your points and appeal to emotions
In deductive reasoning, what are the two possible classifications for an argument?
Valid or invalid
What is the difference between the Straw Man fallacy and the Ad Hominem fallacy?
The Straw Man fallacy misrepresents someone's argument to make it easier to attack. The Ad Hominem fallacy attacks the opponent's personal traits.
This bias could lead a researcher to interpret ambiguous data in a way that supports their hypothesis.
Confirmation bias
What type of appeal is most commonly used in the Conclusion (Peroratio) to persuade the audience?
Emotional appeal
What do we call a deductive argument that is valid but has one or more false premises?
Unsound argument
This fallacy can make a person more confident in their investment decisions after a long winning streak in the stock market.
Gambler's fallacy
This bias can harm teamwork, as people are more likely to take credit for group successes but less likely to accept blame for failures.