Who
This famous musician and collaborator was Duke Ellington's long-time arranger and wrote many of Ellington's iconic pieces
Billy Strayhorn
This is the name of Duke Ellington's famous piece made in 1931 which is now used as a jazz standard
"It Don't Mean a Thing (If It Ain't Got That Swing)"
Duke Ellington was born in this city, known for its rich African American culture and history
Washington, D.C.
Duke Ellington was born this year, which marked the beginning of his journey in music
1899
Duke Ellington believed that jazz was this, a sentiment he expressed throughout his career.
A serious art form
This notable jazz singer and actress was a frequent collaborator with Duke Ellington
Ella Fitzgerald
Duke Ellington was known for composing this type of music that blends African American culture with European musical traditions
Jazz
Duke Ellington performed regularly at this famous New York City venue during the Harlem Renaissance
The Cotton Club
This year marked Duke Ellington’s first appearance at Carnegie Hall, solidifying his reputation as a leading figure in jazz
1943
Duke Ellington sought to challenge racial stereotypes and promote African American culture through his music because of this belief
To uplift and celebrate African American identity
He was the U.S. President who awarded Duke Ellington the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1969
Lyndon B. Johnson
This is the name of the orchestra that Duke Ellington led for over 50 years
The Duke Ellington Orchestra
This international event in Paris showcased Duke Ellington's music and helped to popularize jazz in Europe
The 1933 Paris Exposition
Duke Ellington passed away this year, leaving behind a rich legacy in jazz music
1974
He often stated that the goal of his music was to evoke this in his audiences.
Emotion
This pioneering female jazz musician and bandleader was a contemporary of Duke Ellington
Mary Lou Williams
Duke Ellington composed this suite in 1943, which reflects the African American experience and includes famous tracks like "Mood Indigo."
"Black, Brown and Beige"
This city in Europe was home to many of Ellington's concerts, helping to establish his international reputation
London
This decade saw the rise of Duke Ellington's popularity, especially during the Harlem Renaissance.
The 1920s
Ellington famously stated that his music aimed to transcend this barrier, promoting unity among listeners.
Racial Division
This renowned trumpeter and close friend of Ellington was known for his innovative style and contributions to jazz
Louis Armstrong
This style of jazz, characterized by complex harmonies and rhythms, is often associated with Duke Ellington's innovative compositions
Big Band Jazz
The famous jazz festival named after Ellington occurs annually in this U.S. city
Newport, Rhode Island
Duke Ellington's landmark performance at the Newport Jazz Festival occurred this year, revitalizing his career
1956
He wanted to showcase the versatility of jazz by incorporating various musical styles and influences because of this belief
To reflect the richness of American culture