Category 1
First permanent English settlement founded in 1607 by the Virginia Company of London
Jamestown
Established the procedure for a territory to become a new state. Settlers move to a territory, at 5,000 free males a territory can establish a self-government, at 60,000 people a territory can apply for statehood
Northwest Ordinance
Kidnapping American sailors and forcing them to serve in the British Army
Impressment
The region of the country that is known for its many factories, heavy reliance on railroads and canals, generally against slavery
North
Officially ends slavery in the United States
Thirteenth Amendment
Social Contract Written by the Pilgrims to establish self-government
Mayflower Compact
Addressed the issue of representation by creating a bicameral legislature where one house, the Senate, would have equal representation among all the states and the another house, the House of Representatives, which would base representation on a state’s population
An invention that cleaned seeds out of cotton efficiently, this invention caused slavery to become profitable
Cotton Gin
The region of the country known for it many plantations, relied heavily so the growth of cash crops for its economy, generally supported slavery
South
Grants citizenship to all former slaves
Fourteenth Amendment
English settlement founded by the Pilgrims
Plymouth
Plan for the small states which called for equal representation for all the states
New Jersey Plan
The inventor of the Cotton Gin and Interchangeable Parts
Eli Whitney
The movement to end slavery in the United States
Abolition
Extends voting rights to all African American males
Fifteenth Amendment
The ability and willingness to make your own laws
Self-Government
Plan for the big states which called for representation based on a state’s population
Virginia Plan
An economic system where people can own their own businesses, the main motivation for starting a business is profit, and the government plays a limited role in businesses
Free Enterprise
The movement to gain suffrage for women
Women's Rights
Congressmen who favored punishing the south for the Civil War
First representative assembly in Jamestown
House of Burgesses
Supporters of the constitution and believed that a bill of rights was not necessary
Federalists
Artificial rivers built by people that expanded commercial markets and allowed for rapid urbanization
Canals
The President of the Confederacy
Jefferson Davis
A system where former slaves would work on farms for free in order to pay off their debt to a landlord; slavery by another name
Sharecropping
Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Connecticut; Cold Climate, rocky soil, economic activities include lumber, fishing, shipbuilding, whaling.
New England Colonies
Opposed the constitution and believed a bill of rights was necessary to protect the rights of individuals
Antifederalists
A railroad built across the continent
Transcontinental Railroad
The President of the Union
Abraham Lincoln
Laws in the south meant to control the lives of former slaves and to preserve the white southerners’ way of life
Black Codes
New York, New Jersey, Delaware, Pennsylvania; Mild Climate, fertile soil, diverse communities, known as the breadbasket of the 13 colonies
Middle Colonies
Free Speech, Freedom of Religion, Right to Assemble, Freedom of the Press, Freedom of Petition
First Amendment
The growth of cities
Urbanization
A movement which focused on the relationship between people and nature, promoted civil disobedience, inspired the Hudson River School art movement.
Transcendentalism
Group meant to help former slaves adjust to life after slavery
Freedmen's Bureau
Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia; Hot Climate, fertile soil, agriculture economy where slave labor is used to grow cash crops on plantations
Southern Colonies
No quartering of soldiers
Third Amendment
A political party that discriminated against immigrants
Nativist
Law that allowed slave catchers to capture both runaway slaves and freemen in the north
Fugitive Slave Act
The era after the Civil War in which the south’s social, political and economic life was rebuilt
Reconstruction
Plants that are grown to be sold for money, include rice, tobacco, and indigo.
Cash Crops
Protection from cruel and unusual punishment and excessive fines
Eighth Amendment
An invention that made communication across the country possible
Telegraph
The law that determined that new territories would decide on the issue of slavery through popular sovereignty
Kansas Nebraska Act
A fee one has to pay to vote; meant to limit the effect of the 15th amendment
Poll Tax
Large farms in the south that used slaves to cultivate cash crops
Plantations
The power of the government is divided into three branches, the executive which enforces the laws, the legislative which makes the laws, and the judicial which interprets the laws
Separation of Powers
The production of goods in large amounts very quickly
Manufacturing
The party of Abraham Lincoln, opposed slavery
Republican
The general of the Confederate Army
Robert E. Lee
An economic system where a mother country will have colonies that produce raw materials which are used to produce manufactured goods
Mercantilism
People have the power in government and they exercise that power by voting
Popular Sovereignty
Disagreements between differents regions of the country (north, south, west) over economic and social issues
Sectionalism
The idea that the United States is meant to expand westward all the way to the Pacific Ocean
Manifest Destiny
The location of the battle where the Union army was able to gain control of the Mississippi River
Vicksburg
People elect others to be part of the government
Representative Government
Each branch of government is responsible for ensuring that the other branches do not get too powerful, examples of this includes the Supreme Court declaring laws unconstitutional, the president vetoing laws and congress overriding presidential vetoes
Checks and Balances
The effect of interchangeable parts
Mass Production
The location of the turning point of the American Revolution
Saratoga
The immigrant group which moved to California to find gold during the Gold Rush
Chinese