Cycles of sleep
This stage involves vivid dreams and rapid eye movements.
REM Sleep
This disorder causes people to get up and move around while still asleep.
Sleep Walking
These are sequences of images, emotions, and thoughts that occur during sleep.
Dreams
These drugs slow down the central nervous system and can make you feel relaxed
Depressant
This happens when someone is awake but temporarily cannot move or speak, often feeling a pressure on their chest.
Sleep Paralysis
This lightest stage of sleep often includes drifting thoughts and sudden muscle jerks.
Stage 1
This disorder often causes people to scream, thrash, and show fear during deep sleep, but they usually don’t remember it the next day.
Night Terrors
These are frightening or upsetting dreams that usually wake the sleeper.
Nightmares
These drugs speed up brain activity, increasing alertness and energy.
Stimulants
This medication can quickly reverse the effects of an opioid overdose.
Narcan
Also called deep sleep, this stage is marked by slow delta brain waves.
Stage 3
This disorder involves repeated pauses in breathing during sleep, often causing loud snoring and daytime fatigue.
Sleep Apnea
This is a trance-like state of focused attention and heightened suggestibility
Hypnosis
These drugs are derived from the poppy plant and are used to relieve pain.
Opiates
This powerful synthetic opioid is often linked to overdose deaths.
Fentanyl
In this stage, sleep spindles and K-complexes appear on an EEG.
Stage 2
This common disorder makes it difficult to fall asleep, stay asleep, or get restful sleep.
Insomnia
This practice involves focused attention or mindfulness to achieve mental calm.
Meditation
These drugs cause false perceptions, hallucinations, and distortions of reality.
Hallucinogens
These dreams repeat over time, often with similar themes or events.
Recurring dreams
Fast, low-amplitude waves linked to active thinking, focus, and problem-solving.
Beta Waves
This disorder causes sudden “sleep attacks,” where someone falls asleep uncontrollably during the day.
Narcolepsy
This technique trains people to control normally automatic body functions, like heart rate or muscle tension.
Biofeedback
These drugs alter mood, thoughts, or sensory experiences, making the world seem different than it is.
Distortion of experience
These dreams occur when the dreamer is aware they are dreaming and can sometimes control the dream.
Lucid dreams