_______________ are made of mixtures of minerals and other materials.
a. minerals
b. rocks
c. elements
b. rocks
100
When all the grains in a rock are large and easy to see, the rock is described as
a. extrusive
b. fine grained
c. coarse grained
c. coarse grained
100
The process by which sediment settles out of the water or wind carrying it (puts it down) is called
a. deposition
b. compaction
c. cementation
d. erosion
a. deposition
100
The process in which dissolved minerals crystallize and glue particles of sediment together is called
a. deposition
b. compaction
c. cementation
d. erosion
c. cementation
100
Particles of minerals called grains give a rock its texture. _________________________
TRUE
200
Rocks are often identified by their ________________, which is the look and feel of a rock.
a. texture
b. weight
c. density
a. texture
200
Rock that forms from the cooling of magma below the surface or lava at the surface is called
a. metamorphic rock
b. igneous rock
c. sedimentary rock
b. igneous rock
200
The process that presses sediments together is called
a. deposition
b. compaction
c. cementation
d. erosion
b. compaction
200
Heat and pressure deep beneath Earth’s surface can change any rock into
a. igneous
b. sedimentary
c. metamorphic
c. metamorphic
200
Igneous rocks that formed beneath Earth’s surface are extrusive rocks. _________________________
FALSE, INTRUSIVE
300
__________, which are particles of minerals or other rocks, give rocks their coarse- or fine-grained texture.
a. chips
b. rocks
c. grains
c. grains
300
Igneous rock that formed from lava that erupted onto Earth’s surface is called
a. extrusive
b. intrusive
c. clastic
a. extrusive
300
The process by which running water, wind, or ice loosen (breaks down) and carry away fragments of rock is called
a. deposition
b. compaction
c. cementation
d. erosion
d. erosion
300
The texture of a metamorphic rock that has grains arranged in parallel layers is described as
a. foliated
b. jagged grained
c. nonfoliated
a. foliated
300
High pressure can change an igneous rock into a sedimentary rock. _________________________
FALSE, METAMORPHIC
400
Igneous rock that cools very quickly may have a texture that is
a. glassy or fine-grained
b. coarse grained
c. banded
a. glassy or fine-grained
400
Rock that forms when particles of other rocks or the remains of plants and animals are cemented together is called
a. igneous
b. sedimentary
c. metamorphic
b. sedimentary
400
Chalk formed from sediments made of skeletons of microscopic living things in the ocean must be a ________________ rock because it is formed from the remains of living things.
a. clastic
b. organic
c. chemical
b. organic
400
A series of processes on Earth’s surface and in the crust and mantle that slowly changes rocks from one kind to another is called
a. crystallization
b. the rock cycle
c. evaporation
b. the rock cycle
400
The particles of rock or the remains of living things that make up sedimentary rocks are called cement. ______________________
FALSE, SEDIMENT
500
Limestone that formed when calcite dissolved in seas is a ___________ sedimentary rock because the rock formed when minerals crystallized in a solution.
a. clastic
b. organic
c. chemical
c. chemical
500
Shale is an example of a _______________ sedimentary rock because it formed when rock fragments were squeezed together.
a. clastic
b. organic
c. chemical
a. clastic
500
The heat that changes a rock into metamorphic rock comes from
a. the heat of the mantle
b. movements in the crust
c. chemical rocks in the crust
a. the heat of the mantle
500
Where do most metamorphic rocks form?
a. at the surface
b. in ocean waters
c. deep underground from cooled magma
c. deep underground from cooled magma
500
Heat and pressure change any rock into a metamorphic rock.