The Establishment Clause
The landmark case determined that a state-sponsored prayer in public schools violates the Establishment Clause
What is Engel v. Vitale (1962)
This case ruled that Amish students do not have to attend school past the 8th grade due to their religious beliefs
What is Wisconsin v. Yoder (1972)
This Supreme Court case established that students do not lose their right to free speech at school.
What is Tinker v. Des Moines Independent School District (1969)
This amendment protects against unreasonable searches and seizures.
What is the 4th amendment?
The 8th Amendment prohibits this things
What are It prohibits excessive bail, excessive fines, and cruel and unusual punishments?
The case the Supreme Court ruled that the government cannot aid religious schools through funding.
Lemon v. Kurtzman (1971)
Free Exercise Clause protections
What is individuals' rights to practice their religion freely, without government interference.
This test judges weather material lacks serious literary, artistic, political, or scientific value.
What is the "Miller Test" used to determine regarding obscenity?
This landmark case ensured the right to counsel for all criminal defendants, regardless of their ability to pay.
What is Gideon v. Wainwright (1963)
This case ruled that the death penalty could not be applied arbitrarily.
Furman v. Georgia (1972)
We are free from a state mandated religion is protected by this constitutional Clause
What is the Establishment Clause?
The Free exercise clause does not give this Protection
This test and Case allows the government to restrict speech that poses a clear and present danger to national security or public safety.
What is the "clear and present danger" test related to speech established in Schenck v. United States?
Mapp v. Ohio (1966)
Which case established the exclusionary rule?
This case ruled that mentally challenged individuals cannot be sentenced to death.
What is Atkins v. Virginia (2002)?
The three-pronged test established by the Supreme Court to determine if a law violates the Establishment Clause
What is the Lemon test?
law must have a secular purpose, must not advance or inhibit religion, and must not foster excessive government entanglement with religion.
Things like Vaccination Mandates are examples of the Gov't infringing on personal freedoms in the name of this concept
What is public safety?
the government provide this regarding the time/place/manner of an assembly.
Reasonable regulations that apply equally to all assemblies
the term "double jeopardy" refer to this protection in the context of the 5th Amendment
What is the principle that a person cannot be tried twice for the same crime.
This is the significance of Lockyer v. Andrade concerning the "Three Strikes" law.
What is ruling such laws are constitutional as long as they allow for parole, not considered cruel and unusual punishment?
Vitale's argument for the prayer required in schools.
Was vague enough, no particular religion called out, and it was voluntary
The compelling state interest test established for infringing on the Free Exercise Clause
The government must show a compelling state interest and that the law is the least restrictive means of achieving that interest.
The ruling in New York Times v. United States (1971) regarding the Pentagon Papers
The Supreme Court ruled that prior restraint was unjustified and allowed the Times to publish the papers.
The 5th amendment Guarantees this idea in terms of Self incrimination.
Is it that individuals cannot be forced to testify against themselves?
This was determined in Gregg v. Georgia regarding the death penalty
What is upholding the two-part system for death penalty sentencing and required objective criteria?