Wartime America
a government contract to pay a manufacturer the cost to produce an item plus a guaranteed percentage
cost-plus
an amphibious tractor used to move troops from ships to shore
amphtrac
the outer boundary of something
periphery
an enclosure made of dirt walls covered in shrubbery built to fence in cattle and crops
hedgerows
restricting the amount of an item an individual can have due to a limited supply
rationing
a new industrial region in southern California and the Deep South that developed during World War II
Sunbelt
during World War II, a Japanese suicide pilot whose mission was to crash into his target
kamikaze
a system in which merchant ships travel with naval vessels for protection
convoy system
a type of jellied gasoline
napalm
garden planted by citizens during war to raise vegetables for home use, leaving more for the troops
victory garden
a squadron of African American pilots who flew 200 missions without a single casualty
Who were the Tuskegee Airmen
What was the U.S. strategy in the Pacific to reach Japan?
island-hopping
Why was the Battle of Stalingrad considered a turning point in the war with Germany?
It put Germany on the defensive because of their heavy losses there.
What was Hitler's last offensive called?
the Battle of the Bulge
Where was General Douglas MacArthur stationed at the beginning of the war?
the Philippines
How did World War II affect women's roles in the military?
Women were assigned to vital noncombat services, such as delivering war planes.
A group of Navajo soldiers who encoded, transmitted, and decoded messages for the U.S. in the Pacific.
Code Talkers
what was one of the reasons Roosevelt wanted to attack North Africa first?
U.S. troops had not battled the Germans yet and Roosevelt felt the invasion would give the troops experience.
the U.S.'s secret program to build an atomic bomb
Manhattan Project
Conference where Allies got concessions from Stalin in order to plan for an invasion of France
Tehran Conference
What was the significance of Executive Order 8802 and the Fair Employment Practices Commission?
no federal agency or war factory could discriminate on the basis of race.
What did Japan do in response to the Doolittle Raid?
They planned an attack on Midway Island.
At Casablanca, what two strategies for the war in Europe did Prime Minister Churchill and President Roosevelt develop?
an intense bombing of Germany and an invasion into Italy
Why was Iwo Jima crucial to America in its war with Japan?
Bombers needed a closer base in order to bomb Tokyo.
What was General LeMay's strategy to ensure that bombs dropped on Tokyo would accomplish maximum damage?
He had the bombs filled with napalm to start fires.