Jamestown and Early Settlement
What cash crop helped Jamestown become a successful colony?
Tobacco
What colony was established by the Pilgrims in 1620?
Plymouth Colony
Who founded Pennsylvania and Philadelphia?
William Penn
What colony was originally controlled by the Dutch before becoming an English colony?
New York
What religious revival spread throughout the Thirteen Colonies during the 1700s?
The Great Awakening
What company received a charter from King James I in 1606 to establish an English settlement in America?
The Virginia Company
What made farming difficult in the New England Colonies?
Cold winters and a short growing season.
Who became a leader and governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony?
John Winthrop
What Southern Colony was established partly as a place where English Catholics could practice their religion?
Maryland
What rebellion was led by Nathaniel Bacon against Virginia's governor in 1676?
Bacon's Rebellion
What was an indentured servant?
A person who agreed to work for a certain number of years in exchange for passage to America.
What building served as the center of religion, government, and community decisions in many New England towns?
The meeting house
What document created an agreement for making laws and governing Plymouth Colony?
The Mayflower Compact
What colony was created to provide a fresh start for poor people and serve as a buffer against Spanish Florida?
Georgia
Who was the governor of Virginia that Nathaniel Bacon rebelled against?
William Berkeley
What two natural features helped protect the Jamestown settlement from attacks?
A swamp and a river.
How did town meetings allow some New England colonists to participate in government?
Eligible colonists could discuss and vote directly on local decisions (direct democracy).
What woman was banished from Massachusetts after holding religious meetings and challenging religious leaders?
Anne Hutchinson
What laws in the Southern Colonies restricted the rights and freedoms of enslaved Africans?
Slave codes
What was one reason Nathaniel Bacon was angry with Governor Berkeley's policies toward Native Americans?
Berkeley and others continued trading with Native Americans despite restrictions, and Bacon believed the governor was failing to protect frontier settlers.
What system encouraged settlers to come to Virginia by offering land to people who paid for passage to the colony?
The Headright System
Why was Plymouth's location near the coast important to its settlers? Name two advantages.
What religious leader was banished from Massachusetts and later established Rhode Island?
Roger Williams
Why were the Middle Colonies considered more religiously diverse than many other colonies?
They welcomed many different religious groups, including Quakers, Jews, Mennonites, and others.
What was one major difference between the Great Awakening and the Salem Witch Trials?
The Great Awakening was a widespread religious revival, while the Salem Witch Trials involved accusations of witchcraft and trials in Massachusetts.