1491
The study of human change and continuity over the course of time.
What is history?
What is Spain (Kingdom of Aragon and Castile in 1492)?
1619
In what year did the English purchase the first enslaved Africans carried into Virginia?
Tobacco was the cash crop that made some planters wealthy in Virginia and Maryland.
What was the most lucrative product of the Chesapeake colonies?
These shadow governments organized in opposition to British colonial government controlled colonial towns. They identified enemies of their movement and coordinated resistance.
What were the Committees of Correspondence in the British colonies?
An 800 year war waged between Christians and Muslims for control of the Iberian Peninsula.
What was the “Reconquista,” or “Reconquest”?
The Spanish right for a Conquistador to demand tribute and forced labor from the Indian inhabitants of an area.
What was the Encomienda system?
A schism within the Roman Catholic Church between protesting clergy and the traditional papacy based in Rome.
What is the "Protestant Reformation"?
A reward system in which those who paid their own passage to Virginia received fifty acres plus an additional fifty for each servant or family member they brought with them.
What was the Headright System?
In this fateful moment in 1754, a young George Washington and his ally the Half King murdered a French Envoy from New France, setting off a chain of conflicts that led to war.
What was George Washington’s role in the French and Indian War?
A mound-building culture that flourished between 700 CE and 1700 CE in the North American southeast.
Who were the Mississippian Peoples?
A condition in which one person is owned by another.
What is slavery?
English Protestants who sought to reform the Church of England by disassociating it from the “corruption” and hierarchy of the Catholic Church.
Who were the Puritans?
This term refers to the restoration of Charles II to the English throne. After King Charles II took up the seat of his executed father, he rewarded loyal English aristocrats by giving them colonies in New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and the Carolinas.
To what does the term “Restoration” refer?
This boundary created by British King George III blocked white settlers from claiming lands west of the Appalachian mountains. By blocking westward settlement, the King infuriated American colonists in the west.
What was the King's Proclamation Line of 1763?
This explorer's error included the assertion that the earth’s circumference was 3,350 nautical miles, or less than a third of the actual circumference!
Explain Columbus mistake.
European competition for property and wealth, their desire to crusade and proselytize for their Christian faith, and their determination to discover new routes of trade.
What drove Europeans to exploration in the 1400s? Give three explanations.
This explanation for Western Europeans ending slavery during the Middle Ages includes the Catholic Church forbidding the enslavement of other Christians and because the feudal system relied on serfs, rather than slaves
Why did Western Europeans stop enslaving each other in the Middle Ages?
A Protestant revival that emphasized emotional, experiential faith over book learning. The movement began in 1730s Europe and quickly took hold in British America.
What was the First Great Awakening?
These Acts by British Parliament to punish Massachusetts in 1774 included the Administering of Justice Act [“Murder Act”], the Quartering Act, the Massachusetts government act, and the Boston Port Act.
What were the four coercive or "intolerable" acts?
This 1494 treaty between Spain and Portugal effectively divided the world in half according to the order of the Catholic Church.
What is the Treaty of Tordesillas?
Livestock destroyed Native American crops, challenged Indian beliefs about the spirits of animals, and led to direct conflict over political authority between Indians and Englishmen.
How did English livestock threaten traditional American Indian life in New England?
The motivations for colonization included Population Pressure; Protestant and Catholic Rivalry for the souls of the world; and a desire to profit from commodities in the New World (based upon the success of the Spanish and Portuguese).
What were three motivations for the English to settle the Americas?
In this conflict in Virginia, Bacon forged an alliance between indentured servants and slaves. Afterward, planters sought to replace White servants with Black slaves and passed new laws intended to divide the two groups.
What was Bacon's rebellion?