Vocab
Time period in American history before the Civil War
What is the Antebellum Period?
Feeling of strong patriotism, was high during the Era of Good Feelings and overshadowed sectionalism
What is nationalism?
Time of nationalism and economic growth in the United States after the War of 1812
What is the Era of Good Feelings?
Group of American landscape painters whose work reflected nationalism
What is the Hudson River School?
Supreme Court chief justice whose rulings reflected nationalism and strengthened the federal government’s power
Who is John Marshall?
Said states could not tax the Bank of the United States, increasing the federal government’s power
What is McCulloch V. Maryland?
Strengthened the federal government’s power by saying it controlled interstate commerce
What is Gibbons V. Ogden?
Agreement with Spain that gave Florida to the United States
What is the Adams-Onis treaty?
Foreign policy that declared the Americas off-limits to European powers
What is the Monroe Doctrine?
Henry Clay’s economic plan to create a NATIONAL economy that could also expand west
What is the American System?
Roads, canals, and railroads whose construction helped develop the national economy
What are Internal Improvements?
Inventions that encouraged farmers to build larger farms in the West
What is the steel plow and mechanical reaper?
Invention that made cotton profitable and increased the South’s need for slavery
Cotton Gin
Occurred before the Civil War, involved growth of factories, textiles, cities, and immigration in the North
What is the First Industrial Revolution?
Connected western New York farms with eastern cities, increasing western settlement
What is the Erie Canal?
Development of a NATIONAL interdependent economy based on new inventions, transportation, and industrialization
What is the Market Revolution?
Growth of cities caused by industrialization and immigration but led to overcrowding, crime, and sanitation issues
What is Urbanization?
Textile mills that employed, housed, and heavily controlled young female workers
What is the Lowell Mill System?
Nickname for the South that reflected that its economy was based on slaves and cotton
What is the Cotton Kingdom?
Laws meant to keep slaves in control by restricting their freedom, education, and ability to assemble
What are Slave Codes?
Increased due to debate over slavery and westward expansion, increased federal power, and competing visions for the country
What is Sectionalism?
Created by Henry Clay to keep slave and free states equal and reduce sectionalism as the country expanded west
What is the Missouri Compromise?
Andrew Jackson’s term for the Election of 1824 because he felt John Quincy Adams and Henry Clay stole the election
What is the Corrupt Bargain?
Expansion of voting to poorer classes that led to more election participation, campaigning, and mudslinging
What is Universal White Male Suffrage?
Won by Andrew Jackson due to universal white male suffrage, ushering in the “Era of the Common Man”
What is the Election of 1828?