Types of Law
This type of law deals with wrongs against a person or property and usually involves one private party suing another.
What is civil law?
Lawyers who bring charges on behalf of the state of Maine are called..
"What are prosecutors?"
The person in this type of legal career supervise people in jail. They also guard those in transit between jail, the courtroom or prison.
What is corrections officers?
A hunch that something isn't right, but you clearly can't explain why.
What is mere suspicion?
A judge is most like this sports figure because they make sure rules are followed fairly.
What is an umpire/referee?
The person who calls 911 to report a crime is called this.
Who is the complainant?
This type of legal action takes away a persons freedom immediately.
What is an arrest?
This is the average amount of time it takes before an arrest or a summons is issued.
What is there is no average amount of time? Every case is different.
This type of law addresses behavior considered an offense against the public or society, and the government is the plaintiff.
What is criminal law?
Lawyers who represent the accused/defendant are called this.
What are defense attorneys?
People housed in this institution are sentenced for longer than 1 year. These are typically repeat offenders and/or those who have been convicted of felonies.
What is prison?
The minimum level of proof that allows an officer to TEMPORARILY detain someone.
What is reasonable suspicion?
True or false: Judges arrest people or try to prove guilt.
What is false?
This person takes the initial call, runs 10-29 checks, and communicates with officers.
Who is the dispatcher?
This is a written order telling a person when to appear in court, without handcuffs involved.
What is a summons?
Officers must look at all facts together before deciding to arrest; this approach is called...
What is totality of the circumstances?
In a civil case, the person who starts the lawsuit is called this.
Who is the Plaintiff?
In your class notes, lawyers are described as NOT being this kind of officer.
What is "police officers"?
The person in this legal profession helps a court run behind the scenes. They prepare case dockets, and review legal documents that are sent to the court. They also swear in jurors, witnesses, interpreters or defendants.
What are court clerks?
The minimum level of proof necessary for an arrest or warrant.
What is probable cause?
A jury's main job in a trial is to do this.
What is determine the facts/decide guilty or not guilty?
One of the people NOT usually involved in the first step of a crime before an arrest is this.
Who is a prosecutor/defense attorney/judge/bailiff/court clerk? (Any of the above gets full credit)
True or False: Both an arrest and a summons start the same legal process.
True.
True or False: All arrests happen within an hour of the initial 911 call.
In a criminal case, the party bringing charges is usually this.
Who is the government (or prosecution/state)?
At a crime scene, officers first do this to ensure safety and preserve evidence.
What is securing the scene?
The person in this legal career works with lawyers and helps with detailed legal tasks, such as doing legal research, writing legal documents, managing cases, and preparing for trials or hearings
What is a paralegal?
The standard of proof used in civil cases, often described as "more likely than not", or 51%.
What is preponderance of the evidence?
In a jury trial, the jury decides the verdict (guilty/not guilty), but this person decides the sentence.
Police use ten-codes partly for this reason.
What is officer safety/quick clear communication?
*Either of the above answers will provide full credit.
When someone spends time in jail before bail, this may count towards future jail time.
What is time served?
After an arrest/summons is issued and bail is posted, this person reviews the case for a misdemeanor charge, and this group reviews the case for a felony charge.
Who is the Prosecutor for a misdemeanor charge, and a grand jury for a felony charge?
Match this case to the law type:
"Someone gets an OUI (operating under the influence charge)"
vs.
"A company is sued for not paying employees fairly"
What is criminal law for the OUI charge, and civil law for the pay lawsuit?
Name two things officers do during investigations besides arresting people.
What are interviewing witnesses, interviewing suspects, collecting evidence, writing reports, working with prosecutors?
(2 of the above will earn full points)
A person is released early from prison and must check in with an officer, while another avoids jail time but is supervised in the community. What two systems of supervision are being described?
What are parole and probation?
The standard of proof required for criminal convictions in a trial.
What is beyond a reasonable doubt?
What is an aggravating factor vs. a mitigating factor?
What are things that make a crime more serious (aggravating) vs. less serious (mitigating).
In the Maine phonetic alphabet, "A" stands for this and "Z" stands for this.
What are Adam and Zebra?
In Maine, this is money a person pays to get out of jail while they wait for their trial.
What is bail?
List three factors that affect the timing of an arrest.
How long it takes for a crime to be discovered/reported
If the suspect is known
If there is clear and convincing evidence for probable cause